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              彩程茶葉到底有真的嗎(彩程茶葉到底有真的嗎還是假的)
              
				
              
				
              
				來(lái)源：www.twpcom.com???時(shí)間：2022-12-15 14:52???點(diǎn)擊：142??編輯：admin???手機(jī)版
				
              
					
				
              

					
              

              1. 彩程茶葉到底有真的嗎
              2011年彩程老班章純料古茶餅---燙紫金版到貨，2011年3月，我和父親守在老班章村收購(gòu)鮮葉加工，每一個(gè)環(huán)節(jié)都親歷親為，與2010年的情形完全一樣，為了保證質(zhì)量絕不假手于人。眾所周知，春茶的第一波茶是香氣最好、滋味最好的。再加上嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)募庸すに嚕◤孽r葉到曬青、壓制成餅...全程都是親歷親為），質(zhì)量可想而知，我們歷來(lái)都是追求完美、追求最高品質(zhì)的，此茶是做茶以來(lái)做過(guò)的最高檔也是最貴的生茶。
              2011年的老班章，價(jià)格更貴，但是雷聲大雨點(diǎn)小，現(xiàn)在的價(jià)格并沒(méi)有想象中的貴，我們3月20號(hào)就在班章山上了，收購(gòu)毛料確實(shí)很貴，但是如果收購(gòu)鮮葉自己加工則能降低很多的成本（我們收茶一直都只收購(gòu)鮮葉，這樣不但能保證品質(zhì)，而且能減低成本，這也是我們的純料比別人的便宜的原因之一），經(jīng)過(guò)精心加工和設(shè)計(jì)，昨天我們第一批班章生餅終于到貨了。
              下面教你如何識(shí)別老班章：
              1.老班章首先講苦澀，苦澀度是區(qū)別于真假老班章最有力的證據(jù)，真品老班章，比老曼娥苦澀度稍弱。有很多人拿著老曼娥當(dāng)老班章，普通茶友絕對(duì)喝不出來(lái)。
              2.回甘，回甘也是辨別老班章最直接的證據(jù)，正品老班章很苦澀，但是回甘很快，一杯老班章入口...迅速化開(kāi)轉(zhuǎn)變?yōu)楦侍?，化得非常快。老曼娥苦澀要重，化得比老班章慢很多?/p>
              3.老班章特有的韻味，特有的香氣，這些也是老班章最著名的特點(diǎn)，但是沒(méi)有一定喝茶功底的茶友是不能辨別的。在此我給茶友幾個(gè)建議，如果你一味的追求低價(jià)老班章...一味的追求名牌廠家老班章...那么其最終結(jié)果你就很可能買到假的老班章了?；蛘呋撕芏噱X，其實(shí)買到的還是假班章。
              2. 彩程茶葉到底有真的嗎還是假的
              彩程茶葉是個(gè)不錯(cuò)的牌子，信譽(yù)度很高，賣的茶葉也十分不錯(cuò)。尤其是他們的普洱茶葉，茶特別香。
              普洱茶是以中國(guó)云南省一定區(qū)域內(nèi)云南大葉種曬青毛茶為原料，經(jīng)過(guò)發(fā)酵加工成的散茶和緊壓茶。其中包括歷史上經(jīng)自然發(fā)酵而成的普洱茶(存放也是一種加工方式)，也包括現(xiàn)今人工發(fā)酵和自然發(fā)酵的普洱茶。
              3. 彩程茶葉旗艦店
              靠譜。
              彩程制茶于2006年進(jìn)入電子商務(wù)領(lǐng)域，7年來(lái)服務(wù)上百萬(wàn)網(wǎng)絡(luò)茶友，并與海內(nèi)外茶友們建立了良好的信譽(yù)。彩程制茶第一次以廠商身份參展廣州春季茶博會(huì)，在展會(huì)上，彩程精品私家天然古樹茶成為亮點(diǎn)，吸引了廣大茶友的眼球。
              彩程制茶董事長(zhǎng)謝文章介紹：2012年，“彩程”牌普洱茶中低端產(chǎn)品在淘寶網(wǎng)和京東商城兩大電子商務(wù)平臺(tái)的年銷量超過(guò)1000噸，并成功轉(zhuǎn)型為天貓旗艦店，成為天貓官方收錄品牌，“彩程”牌精品私家古樹普洱茶在傳統(tǒng)銷售渠道的銷量突破200噸，2013年彩程茶業(yè)的子公司景谷彩程古茶廠年產(chǎn)量為1500余噸。
              4. 彩程茶葉到底是真的嗎
              云南彩程古茶降魔系列最好。是精選彩程私家古茶園的古樹茶一芽二葉為原料，為了保持傳統(tǒng)普洱茶特有的韻味，采用最傳統(tǒng)方法制作。
              此款茶全程制茶過(guò)程可追溯，從茶園古茶樹的采摘開(kāi)始到最后的包裝出廠，人們只要對(duì)應(yīng)著茶餅上的追溯代碼就可以完全追溯，可以追溯到這餅茶出自哪個(gè)茶園，那一個(gè)茶葉初制所，什么時(shí)候壓制等等，全程保證質(zhì)量。
              5. 彩程茶葉質(zhì)量如何
              是 的 ， 抗 皺 緊 致 效 果 和 保 濕 不 錯(cuò) ， 質(zhì) 地 溫 和 清 爽 不 油 膩 ， 延 伸 性 及 吸 收 性 非 常 好 ， 涂 抹 肌 膚 ， 會(huì) 感 覺(jué) 很 舒 爽 ， 含 深 海 礦 植 物 養(yǎng) 分 以 及 龍 躉 受 精 卵 胚 胎 素 干 細(xì) 胞 ， 激 發(fā) 肌 膚 的 自 我 修 護(hù) 能 量 ， 自 然 之 力 ， 至 純 濃 縮 高 能 精 華 ， 于 細(xì) 胞 層 深 度 抵 抗 肌 膚 老 化 進(jìn) 程 ， 重 建 受 損 微 細(xì) 血 管 ， 激 活 及 促 進(jìn) 微 循 環(huán) ， 舒 緩 眼 部 肌 膚 ， 有 助 改 善 黑 眼 圈 ， 撫 平 瑕 疵 ， 提 升 眼 瞼 ， 重 塑 眼 周 輪 廓 ， 令 雙 眼 綻 放 明 亮 光 彩 。
              6. 彩程茶葉到底有真的嗎知乎
              如果要論云南普洱茶電商的鼻祖的話，恐怕要屬書呆子莫屬。眾所周知，書呆子是2006年成立的，是靠淘寶起家的。聞如其名，書呆子這個(gè)品牌最早在淘寶上卻不是賣茶的，而是從賣書的轉(zhuǎn)向賣茶的，要不然書呆子也就不會(huì)叫書呆子了。因此，嚴(yán)格意義上來(lái)講，書呆子不是傳統(tǒng)的茶葉品牌而是電商品牌中的淘品牌。
              書呆子可謂在業(yè)界一直是神秘孤傲的，幾乎很少與其他電商有交集，甚至從不參加任何茶博會(huì)，不花錢打任何廣告，以閃閃兩“金冠”笑傲普洱江湖。令人叫絕的還不止于此，它還是“全云南省所有行業(yè)淘寶店‘第一家金冠店’”，這是有據(jù)可查的。
              就綜合而言，云南做淘寶的普洱茶電商中能達(dá)到兩個(gè)金冠以上的也沒(méi)有幾家，最低調(diào)又有實(shí)力一個(gè)是新益號(hào)（也就是新購(gòu)），另一個(gè)就是孤絕江湖大名頂頂?shù)摹皶糇印?。像?dāng)年的才者、彩程、思普這些都不可與它同日而語(yǔ)的！
              書呆子目前整體的網(wǎng)上店鋪有好幾個(gè)，而支撐整個(gè)系統(tǒng)運(yùn)作并能吸引強(qiáng)大流量，銷售額巨大的至少就有三個(gè)，其中包含B店（書呆子旗艦店），淘寶店（書呆子普洱茶品牌店）是它最為核心的店鋪。
              B店—天貓（書呆子旗艦店）
              B店的整體規(guī)劃和運(yùn)營(yíng)主要集中在線上的“自由品牌”——書呆子的產(chǎn)品上，無(wú)論是拉流量的、做活動(dòng)，還是去庫(kù)存，無(wú)不在顯示著書呆子在電商領(lǐng)域的影響力。如果你上天貓去看他的店鋪，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這是一個(gè)有很明確目標(biāo)且很有指向性的店鋪，從上架產(chǎn)品到鋪貨的縱橫來(lái)看，無(wú)疑都是在以“書呆子”為中心展開(kāi)的。據(jù)不完全統(tǒng)計(jì)，書呆子天貓店的銷量?jī)H次于它有兩個(gè)金冠的淘寶店，而且最賺錢的就是天貓店，并且在產(chǎn)品的分化和聚合上有著嚴(yán)格意義的劃分。
              淘寶企業(yè)店（書呆子普洱茶品牌店）
              打開(kāi)它的淘寶店鋪，首頁(yè)就顯示著十多年的“雙金冠老店”近二十萬(wàn)人關(guān)注，這句淘寶電商店鋪的宣傳語(yǔ)在普洱茶電商中絕無(wú)僅有的，而且不僅是十多年，還有更吸引人是它的關(guān)注人數(shù)，這絕對(duì)又是一大讓很多做淘寶羨慕嫉妒恨的強(qiáng)大流量，直接把很多做普洱茶的店鋪秒成渣渣。
              對(duì)于書呆子的店鋪的商品運(yùn)作模式表面上看，你可能覺(jué)得它與其他很多店鋪沒(méi)有什么兩樣，但是你仔細(xì)的研究它，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)奧妙盡在其中。
              例如將產(chǎn)品細(xì)分為品牌茶、禮品茶、高端收藏茶、大眾口糧茶、特色茶五大塊（做活動(dòng)時(shí)除外），滿足不同目標(biāo)客戶的需求。
              一般店鋪商品的運(yùn)作模式是“倒金字塔”產(chǎn)品，正“金字塔”盈利，但再深一步研究的話，會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)書呆子并這么簡(jiǎn)單，它是“金字塔”伴“梯形”的雙重運(yùn)作模式，無(wú)論是顛過(guò)來(lái)，還是覆過(guò)去，整體收益都集中在中間，而且無(wú)論怎么變化，都盈利其中。
              所以書呆子在貫穿這一條運(yùn)營(yíng)思路和發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略上，讓它在一直居于線上而后深耕云南茶行業(yè)，并且長(zhǎng)期以來(lái)做大做強(qiáng)是有原因的。
              據(jù)有關(guān)資料顯示，書呆子早在2011年的時(shí)候，就依靠線上強(qiáng)大的體系，年銷售過(guò)千萬(wàn)。并此后在電商領(lǐng)域一直處于孤絕的王者之位，即便是像思普那樣曾經(jīng)在業(yè)內(nèi)非常有名的電商大咖，現(xiàn)在的“吉普號(hào)”來(lái)說(shuō)，論起家底和實(shí)力來(lái)，還真不如書呆子。它才是業(yè)界不叫囂而悶聲發(fā)大財(cái)?shù)碾娚讨酢?/p>
              在這里需要注意的是，在2011的時(shí)候，淘寶茶葉電商在普洱茶行業(yè)才開(kāi)始爆發(fā)（商家的數(shù)量），但是做得好，能銷售千萬(wàn)量級(jí)的電商卻寥寥無(wú)幾，甚至毫不客氣的說(shuō)直接沒(méi)有。然而書呆子就做到了年銷售千萬(wàn)，這行業(yè)絕對(duì)是一個(gè)傳奇！
              并且據(jù)業(yè)內(nèi)傳聞，因?yàn)闀糇幼鲭娚踢@么多年積累下來(lái)資金，就現(xiàn)金儲(chǔ)備量在2016年就到達(dá)了7000萬(wàn)以上，而流動(dòng)資金更是一筆不可預(yù)估和琢磨的數(shù)字?？上攵?，書呆子在普洱茶行業(yè)的家底有多么雄厚。
              所以，這么多年以來(lái)，即便是普洱茶市場(chǎng)起起伏伏，價(jià)格漲漲跌跌，但是對(duì)于擁有豐厚身家，“老底子”充足的書呆子來(lái)說(shuō)一點(diǎn)也不影響。好的時(shí)候，適當(dāng)擴(kuò)張，不好的時(shí)候也只是適當(dāng)?shù)氖湛s而已，其根基這么多年以來(lái)，從來(lái)沒(méi)有因?yàn)橥獠康囊蛩囟鴦?dòng)搖過(guò)，有也是內(nèi)部的問(wèn)題。
              但是，雖然書呆子在線上做得很牛逼，可以橫向無(wú)阻，獨(dú)樹一幟，但是對(duì)于線下這一塊強(qiáng)大的肥肉，它始終是垂涎三尺的，然而有著多年線上經(jīng)驗(yàn)的書呆子在這塊卻涉足較少，顯得有些經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足。
              從2014年起，書呆子茶業(yè)打造了它的下線品牌“無(wú)墨記”，“無(wú)墨記”品牌的打造無(wú)疑是對(duì)線下渠道的探底，同時(shí)進(jìn)行市場(chǎng)開(kāi)拓的重要表現(xiàn)。
              但是對(duì)于做慣了線上，大流量又賺錢快的書呆子，在這塊顯然是經(jīng)驗(yàn)不足的，不管是從產(chǎn)品結(jié)構(gòu)的構(gòu)建上，還是市場(chǎng)的宣傳推廣都沒(méi)有進(jìn)行很好的梳理，導(dǎo)致出來(lái)的無(wú)墨記，并沒(méi)有在業(yè)內(nèi)引起太多的關(guān)注和轟動(dòng)，一直處于不溫不火的狀態(tài)，就是到如今，同比其他線下品牌也很平常，甚至近兩年來(lái)線上的名氣被后來(lái)者追趕上，但是不乏它也是云南曾經(jīng)的電商之王。
              然而從書呆子的運(yùn)營(yíng)思路和成功道路上，不難發(fā)現(xiàn)，具備什么樣的“基因”，就能做成而且做好什么樣的事情。不具備做線下的基因，輕易的涉足這個(gè)領(lǐng)域，那么即便是有錢那有又能怎么樣。
              同樣對(duì)其他做慣傳統(tǒng)的品牌來(lái)說(shuō)，要想短時(shí)間內(nèi)在電商領(lǐng)域突飛猛進(jìn)也是不可能的，因?yàn)樗摹盎颉薄举|(zhì)，就不具備做電商的潛質(zhì)。除非經(jīng)過(guò)多年的試水和不斷變革，才有可能做起來(lái)、做成功，否則，即便有錢也能難做起來(lái)。比如大益就是一個(gè)典型的例子。在2008年的時(shí)候，大益就開(kāi)始涉足線上電商這塊，但是也沒(méi)能短時(shí)間內(nèi)笑傲江湖，直到2015年底，“益購(gòu)商城”的改版重組，近八年的時(shí)間才使得它改變多年建立的強(qiáng)大的經(jīng)銷模式，使之產(chǎn)品在線上有了60%—80%以上的控制權(quán)，不然，之前雖然也能在淘寶天貓上賣貨，走貨，但其模式還是依靠線下經(jīng)銷渠道進(jìn)行的。
              那么從這些大品牌在電商領(lǐng)域的探索中就很容易明白，為什么書呆子即便擁有強(qiáng)大的線上，也很難在線下有一片廣袤的天地了。因此，有著圖書業(yè)務(wù)出身，一直虎踞龍盤，“冠絕”普洱江湖的的書呆子來(lái)說(shuō)，時(shí)代的變革，必然引領(lǐng)其發(fā)展走向。否則，何來(lái)王者之說(shuō)。
              7. 彩程茶葉旗艦店怎么樣
              室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)是從建筑設(shè)計(jì)中的裝飾部分演變出來(lái)的，它是根據(jù)建筑物的使用性質(zhì)、所處環(huán)境和相應(yīng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，創(chuàng)造出合理、舒適、美觀、滿足人們物質(zhì)生活和精神生活需要的室內(nèi)環(huán)境。
              學(xué)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)
              剛接觸室內(nèi)裝飾設(shè)計(jì)，需要先學(xué)習(xí)一些室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，比如美術(shù)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)、CAD、3D建模知識(shí)，這些都是需要學(xué)習(xí)的。
              美術(shù)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)
              室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)需要用到的美術(shù)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，包括透視、線條畫法、構(gòu)圖、明暗、色彩等，我們簡(jiǎn)單介紹一下。因?yàn)槭呛?jiǎn)介，受限于篇幅限制，提前給大家推薦一些學(xué)習(xí)資料：
              10分鐘快速掌握透視的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Ep4y1W7hA/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click
              線條畫法：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1aK4y1o74Z/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click
              明暗：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1du411C7Ap/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click
              構(gòu)圖：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV12s411J7PD/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click
              色彩：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Y3411M7e5/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click
              除了上面的這些資料，大家也可以自己在網(wǎng)上尋找資料，如我要自學(xué)網(wǎng)、b站等免費(fèi)較多，勤學(xué)網(wǎng)較專業(yè)部分需要付費(fèi)可供有進(jìn)一步深入學(xué)習(xí)的讀者。
              透視
              透視的基本原理：
              視覺(jué)上產(chǎn)生近大遠(yuǎn)小、近寬遠(yuǎn)窄、近長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)短、近實(shí)遠(yuǎn)虛的現(xiàn)象，就是形體透視。
              透視包括一點(diǎn)透視、兩點(diǎn)透視、三點(diǎn)透視。
              關(guān)于透視的具體解說(shuō)，大家也可以看下視頻課程。
              素描透視的認(rèn)識(shí)：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1DQ4y1C7rG/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click
              平行（一點(diǎn)）透視
              物體與畫面平行，底面與地面平行，視線上有一個(gè)中心消失點(diǎn)的透視現(xiàn)象，為平行透視，只有一個(gè)消失點(diǎn)，又被稱為一點(diǎn)透視。
              成角（兩點(diǎn)）透視
              物體一面與地面平行，其他面與畫面形成角度，叫成角透視，分別消失于兩個(gè)余點(diǎn)，又可叫兩點(diǎn)透視。
              斜角透（三點(diǎn)）視
              此現(xiàn)象的前提是物體么有任何一條邊緣或面與畫面平行，物體與視線形成角度，會(huì)形成延伸現(xiàn)象，并消失與3個(gè)點(diǎn)。又叫三點(diǎn)透視，為高度空間的透視現(xiàn)象。當(dāng)物體低于眼睛，即俯視物體，消失點(diǎn)在水平線之下。反之，仰視物體時(shí)，物體高于眼睛，消失點(diǎn)在水平線之上。
              滅點(diǎn)：指的是立體圖形各點(diǎn)延伸線向消失延伸的相交點(diǎn)。
              線條基本畫法
              任何畫都是由無(wú)數(shù)條線組合而成的，畫線條時(shí)要干脆利落不要過(guò)于生硬。
              直線：直線是最常用的一種線，它分為快線和慢線兩種。慢線比較好掌握，而快線就需要一定時(shí)間來(lái)練習(xí)了。快線表現(xiàn)出來(lái)的畫面更具有視覺(jué)沖擊力，畫面效果更富有生命力和靈動(dòng)性。
              豎線：豎線是較難畫的一種線，在建筑、景觀、規(guī)劃中最為常用。畫豎線力度要均勻分配到整個(gè)手臂，重點(diǎn)加大手與紙之間的摩擦。
              曲線：曲線要根據(jù)畫面情況而定，如果很細(xì)的圖，為了避免畫歪、畫斜而影響畫面整體效果。我們可以用慢線的形式來(lái)畫。
              折線：折線是線條中最難畫的一種，有以下3種情況。
              馬克筆技法
              平移：下筆時(shí)要把筆頭完全壓在紙面上，快速、果斷的畫出。
              線：要用寬筆頭的筆尖來(lái)畫，每層顏色過(guò)度用的線不要太多。
              點(diǎn)：一般用在畫植物、草地等地方，活潑畫面氣氛，在畫點(diǎn)的時(shí)候要注意要將筆頭完全貼于紙面。
              掃筆：在運(yùn)筆時(shí)快速抬起筆，用筆觸留下一條“尾巴”，多適用于淺色。
              蹭筆：用馬克筆快速來(lái)回蹭出一個(gè)面，使畫面質(zhì)感過(guò)度更加柔和、干凈。
              會(huì)出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題
              運(yùn)筆太慢：
              紙沒(méi)有完全壓在筆上：
              畫的時(shí)候猶豫：
              點(diǎn)的時(shí)候太過(guò)僵硬：
              構(gòu)圖基本規(guī)律
              構(gòu)圖就是搭建畫面的骨架關(guān)系，是將眾多的視覺(jué)元素進(jìn)行有機(jī)的安排、組合。以達(dá)到視覺(jué)上的審美要求。
              構(gòu)圖是手繪畫面中十分重要的的基礎(chǔ)環(huán)節(jié)，在深入刻畫之前，應(yīng)該選擇合適的視角，恰當(dāng)、協(xié)調(diào)的安排布置各個(gè)對(duì)象在畫畫中的面積、位置、比例等關(guān)系以及體塊之間的各種關(guān)系。理想的構(gòu)圖需要做到平衡中求變化、變化中求統(tǒng)一。
              明暗
              有光就有明暗。
              通常光照射物體，會(huì)產(chǎn)生受光面、背光面、反光面，我們把看到這整體場(chǎng)景關(guān)系稱作明暗。
              在繪畫時(shí)要注意整幅畫的明暗關(guān)系，打好明暗交界線之后，用較淺的色調(diào)畫大體的明暗，要借助大體的明暗呈現(xiàn)來(lái)調(diào)整輪廓和形體的關(guān)系。
              光線直線前進(jìn)
              放射線狀的太陽(yáng)光源和照亮一點(diǎn)的手電光源都是筆直地前進(jìn)的。
              任何物體離光源越遠(yuǎn)，光的影響越弱，顏色越暗色，這種性質(zhì)無(wú)論在空氣中、水中、玻璃中等地方都不會(huì)改變。
              光會(huì)反射
              ①反射光
              每個(gè)物體的光反射率不同，物體的質(zhì)感表現(xiàn)也會(huì)發(fā)生變化，反射率越低顏色越發(fā)黑，反射率越高顏色越高光。
              ②反射光
              因?yàn)楣饩€會(huì)反射，所以物體的橙色會(huì)在地板上變成淡藍(lán)色。
              舉例
              球形的畫法：
              1、通過(guò)正方形來(lái)切出圓的基本型，表現(xiàn)出明暗交界線和投影形狀。
              2、鋪出暗部、投影和亮部背景，注意畫明暗交界線時(shí)是用短直線相銜接來(lái)表現(xiàn)這一弧形的。
              3、用淺色調(diào)將暗部統(tǒng)一為一體，然后從明暗交界線逐步加強(qiáng)，使之在統(tǒng)一中尋找變化。
              4、在調(diào)整過(guò)程中要針對(duì)影響整體效果的地方進(jìn)行修改，使畫面節(jié)奏關(guān)系和諧統(tǒng)一。
              色彩運(yùn)用
              色彩基本概念：
              1、色相：表示色的特質(zhì)，例如紅、橙、黃、綠、青、藍(lán)、紫等，表示色彩相貌的差異。
              2、明度：表示色彩的強(qiáng)度，即亮度和深淺程度，白色物體反射率最高，所以明度就最高，黑色物體則反之。
              3、純度：即是色的飽和度。在色彩不斷混入白色，那么該色相的明度就會(huì)越來(lái)越高，而純度越來(lái)越低；如果色彩不斷混入黑色，它的純度和明度都會(huì)同時(shí)下降。
              冷色
              青、藍(lán)、紫色以及由它們構(gòu)成的色調(diào)，具有寒冷、理智、平靜等感覺(jué)，我們稱為冷色。
              暖色
              桔、黃、紅色以及由它們構(gòu)成的色調(diào)，會(huì)產(chǎn)生溫暖、熱情、激動(dòng)、危險(xiǎn)等感覺(jué)，我們稱為暖色。
              充分利用這些特性可以在一定程度上改變空間尺度、比例、分隔、滲透空間，改善空間效果。
              而這些色彩的作用可以總結(jié)為：膨脹色和收縮色，前進(jìn)色和后退色，上升色與下墜色。
              暖色具有膨脹感，冷色具有收縮感：
              小戶型房屋設(shè)計(jì)的時(shí)候，家具選擇收縮色，可以讓家具顯得更加小巧；而增加房間里膨脹色的比例則會(huì)讓房間感覺(jué)更大，比如將白色、米色、原木色或者淡黃色一類柔和的淺色運(yùn)用在墻面、地面及大件家具上。 
              暖色具有前進(jìn)感，冷色具有后退感。
              空間過(guò)高、走廊過(guò)長(zhǎng)時(shí)，可用前進(jìn)色，減弱空曠感；小戶型選擇高光度地板配合后退色墻面，可以改善空間狹小感受。
               淺色有上升感，深色有下墜感。
              利用色彩的上升感和下墜感，把顏色重心放在地面，通過(guò)空間上的反差，可以讓整體更加簡(jiǎn)約清新。面積小，層高低的戶型運(yùn)用這種裝修風(fēng)格，會(huì)讓空間顯得更大更敞亮。
              我們一般把室內(nèi)的色彩分為以下幾類:
              背景色：面積最大的部分的顏色，即墻面、地面、頂面的顏色；
              主色：空間內(nèi)的主體的顏色，比如大件家具，客廳的沙發(fā)、餐廳的餐桌、臥室的床品顏色；
              配色：一般是面積比主體小一點(diǎn)的物件的顏色，比如單人沙發(fā)、茶幾、邊幾、餐椅、床頭柜等色彩；
              點(diǎn)綴色：體積最小，一般是靠枕、花瓶、綠植、擺設(shè)等顏色。
              搭配時(shí)可以采用主色彩占60%，次要色彩占30%，輔助色彩占10%這樣一個(gè)搭配比例。
              同一空間配色不得超過(guò)三種，其中白色、黑色不算色彩比例。也就是說(shuō)，如果墻面是白色，那么大件家具如沙發(fā)、窗簾的色彩比例可以是60%。
              進(jìn)行色彩搭配時(shí)，我們需要用到色環(huán)，可以從鄰近色、互補(bǔ)色、同類色、對(duì)比色來(lái)選出次要色彩和輔助色彩。
              1、單色調(diào)搭配
              以一個(gè)色相作為整個(gè)室內(nèi)色彩的主調(diào)，可以取得寧?kù)o、安祥的效果，在進(jìn)行單色調(diào)搭配時(shí)，要注意通過(guò)明度和亮度的變化，加強(qiáng)對(duì)比，也可適當(dāng)加入黑白無(wú)彩色作為必要的調(diào)劑，讓空間更加和諧。
              2、相似色調(diào)搭配
              相似色調(diào)搭配是通過(guò)同類色和鄰近色，在色環(huán)上選出二三種互相接近的顏色，如黃，橙、橙紅，藍(lán)，藍(lán)紫、紫等，呈現(xiàn)比較柔和的質(zhì)感，并調(diào)動(dòng)明度純度的比例對(duì)比，來(lái)達(dá)到高級(jí)質(zhì)感配色。
              3、互補(bǔ)色調(diào)搭配
              互補(bǔ)色調(diào)也可以叫作對(duì)比色調(diào)，通過(guò)色環(huán)上的兩個(gè)互補(bǔ)色，如青與橙、紅與綠、黃與紫，進(jìn)行配色。在搭配時(shí)要避免1:1等比配色，并通過(guò)降低明度和亮度柔和色彩過(guò)強(qiáng)的對(duì)比效果，使其變“灰”而獲得平靜高級(jí)的效果。
              4、無(wú)彩色調(diào)搭配 
              全屋使用由黑、灰、白色組成的無(wú)彩系搭配，是一種非常高級(jí)的色彩搭配形式，非常平靜素雅。在室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)中，粉白色、米色、灰白色以及每種高明度色相，也可以認(rèn)為是無(wú)彩色。 
               CAD基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)
              學(xué)習(xí)ＣＡＤ要先學(xué)習(xí)工具，只有把工具學(xué)會(huì)了，在做室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)的時(shí)候才可以靈活畫出圖紙。
              下面我先簡(jiǎn)單介紹下工具使用的方法，如果想要更詳細(xì)的課程可以看下視頻課程。
              CAD教程之基本工具的使用：https://www.bilibili.com/video/av843683899/
              工具的使用
              AutoCAD軟件具有操作簡(jiǎn)單、功能強(qiáng)大等特點(diǎn)，它已被廣泛應(yīng)用于設(shè)計(jì)領(lǐng)域，學(xué)習(xí)AutoCAD也是學(xué)習(xí)室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)最基礎(chǔ)的步驟。
              初學(xué)CAD需要了解操作界面的布局，只有了解軟件的界面布局，才能方便地與他人交流，才可以領(lǐng)會(huì)各種教程和技巧，在操作時(shí)迅速地找到目標(biāo)功能。
              不同版本的CAD界面基本類似，在低版本的AUTOCAD 2007中，使用的是傳統(tǒng)的菜單、工具欄界面，如下圖所示。
              后期版本，CAD中改成了跟OFFICE軟件新版一樣的RIBBON功能面板界面，如下圖所示。
              其實(shí)兩種界面并沒(méi)有太大的差別，命令面板只是用圖標(biāo)按鈕替換了舊版的菜單項(xiàng)。
              訪問(wèn)工具欄
              工具欄放置了一些最基礎(chǔ)、也是頻率比較高的功能，如打開(kāi)、保存、打印等，方便用戶隨時(shí)快速調(diào)用這些功能，可以根據(jù)需要自定義快速訪問(wèn)工具欄，將自己最常用的功能添加到工具欄中。點(diǎn)后面的下拉箭頭，可以顯示一個(gè)菜單，可以在頂部勾選要顯示在快速訪問(wèn)工具欄中的命令，也可以點(diǎn)“更多命令....”添加其他命令，如下圖所示。
              功能區(qū)選項(xiàng)卡
              放置各種工具圖標(biāo)，用于調(diào)用CAD的繪圖、編輯、管理等各種功能，根據(jù)功能使用頻率和作用分類組成了默認(rèn)、插入、注釋、管理等一系列選型卡，每個(gè)選項(xiàng)卡由一系列功能面板組成。單擊標(biāo)簽可以切換到不同的選項(xiàng)卡，對(duì)于初學(xué)者來(lái)說(shuō)，“默認(rèn)”選項(xiàng)卡下的功能基本就夠用了。
              功能面板
              選項(xiàng)卡由一系列功能面板組合而成，例如默認(rèn)選項(xiàng)卡會(huì)包括繪圖、修改、圖層、注釋、塊、特性等一系列命令面板組成，每個(gè)面板則由功能圖標(biāo)組成，圖標(biāo)有大有小，一些重要或常用功能被設(shè)置成大圖標(biāo)，其他圖標(biāo)設(shè)置成小圖標(biāo)。
              文件標(biāo)簽欄
              顯示文件的名稱，當(dāng)打開(kāi)多個(gè)圖紙文件時(shí)，可以通過(guò)單擊文件標(biāo)簽欄的名字切換圖紙，也可以通過(guò)在標(biāo)簽上右鍵，保存、關(guān)閉圖紙。浩辰CAD2008版就有這個(gè)功能了，AutoCAD 2014上版本才有這個(gè)功能。
              圖形窗口
              創(chuàng)建、顯示和編輯圖形的區(qū)域，說(shuō)簡(jiǎn)單點(diǎn)就是我們畫圖的地方。CAD的圖形窗口提供了一個(gè)虛擬的三維空間，理論上無(wú)限大，也可以無(wú)限小，我們可以在這個(gè)空間繪制平面圖形或創(chuàng)建三維模型。
              命令歷史
              命令行窗口的一部分，用于顯示命令執(zhí)行的歷史，初學(xué)者可以通過(guò)拖動(dòng)上邊界增加顯示的行數(shù)，注意觀察命令的提示和執(zhí)行過(guò)程，有助于我們更快地掌握CAD命令，如下圖所示。
              命令行
              跟WORD、PS等常用軟件不同，CAD軟件可以通過(guò)輸入命令名或簡(jiǎn)化命令（命令別名）來(lái)執(zhí)行所有命令，命令還有參數(shù)和提示來(lái)引導(dǎo)我們完成后面的操作。剛開(kāi)始我們可能不記得命令，會(huì)在功能區(qū)中點(diǎn)圖標(biāo)來(lái)執(zhí)行命令，此時(shí)也要注意看命令行的提示，它可以引導(dǎo)我們完成命令，并且可以更清楚了解命令的參數(shù)和變化。
              在CAD高版本還增加了“自動(dòng)完成”的功能，當(dāng)我們輸入字母的時(shí)候會(huì)顯示相關(guān)的命令，如果我們不記得完整命令名的時(shí)候通過(guò)輸入一兩個(gè)字母就可以找到我們需要的命令，如下圖所示。
              命令歷史和命令行是一個(gè)整體，叫命令行窗口，通常固定到底部，也可以拖動(dòng)成浮動(dòng)狀態(tài)或放到頂部，也可以關(guān)閉，用CTRL+9可以打開(kāi)和關(guān)閉命令行。
              模型布局標(biāo)簽
              CAD分模型空間和布局空間，通常模型空間用來(lái)畫圖，布局空間用來(lái)排圖打印。布局涉及的概念比較多，初學(xué)者可以暫時(shí)不用管，后面還會(huì)詳細(xì)介紹。
              狀態(tài)欄
              狀態(tài)欄可以顯示當(dāng)前光標(biāo)的坐標(biāo)，然后還有一些常用的繪圖輔助工具，例如捕捉、極軸、柵格等，通過(guò)狀態(tài)欄可以快速開(kāi)關(guān)這些工具，此外，還有一些功能性按鈕。
              低版本狀態(tài)欄按鈕比較少，可以切換成文字顯示，高版本狀態(tài)欄圖標(biāo)太多，很多功能我們平時(shí)可能用不上，可以自己關(guān)掉一些，如下圖所示。
              特性面板（屬性框）
              CAD還有一些重要的界面控件，例如特性面板、圖層特性等等，有些我們后面會(huì)專門介紹，這里首先要說(shuō)一下特性面板。用特性面板可以查看和編輯圖形的一些參數(shù)和特性，對(duì)于大家鏈接圖形很有幫助。特性面板可以根據(jù)需要打開(kāi)關(guān)閉，快捷鍵是CTRL+1，有時(shí)雙擊一些圖形也會(huì)打開(kāi)特性面板，如下圖所示。
              我們可以看到一個(gè)圓除了幾何圖形的參數(shù)，如圓心坐標(biāo)、半徑、周長(zhǎng)、面積扥高以外，上面還有一些常規(guī)特性，如顏色、圖層、線型、線寬等常規(guī)特性，這些特性都是CAD賦予圖形的一些特性，這些特性可以方便我們更好地管理和打印圖形，這些常規(guī)特性的作用是學(xué)習(xí)CAD必須要掌握的。
              CAD常用功能
              常用CTRL，ALT快捷鍵
              ALT+TK 如快速選擇
              ALT+NL 線性標(biāo)注 ALT+VV4 快速創(chuàng)建四個(gè)視口
              ALT+MUP提取輪廓
              Ctrl+B: 柵格捕捉模式控制(F9)
              Ctrl+C: 將選擇的對(duì)象復(fù)制到剪切板上
              Ctrl+F: 控制是否實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)象自動(dòng)捕捉(F3)
              Ctrl+G: 柵格顯示模式控制(F7)
              Ctrl+J: 重復(fù)執(zhí)行上一步命令
              Ctrl+K: 超級(jí)鏈接
              Ctrl+N: 新建圖形文件
              Ctrl+M: 打開(kāi)選項(xiàng)對(duì)話框
              Ctrl+O：打開(kāi)圖象文件
              Ctrl+P：打開(kāi)打印對(duì)話框
              Ctrl+S：保存文件
              Ctrl+U：極軸模式控制(F10)
              Ctrl+v：粘貼剪貼板上的內(nèi)容
              Ctrl+W：對(duì)象追 蹤式控制(F11)
              Ctrl+X：剪切所選擇的內(nèi)容
              Ctrl+Y：重做
              Ctrl+Z：取消前一步的操作
              Ctrl+1：打開(kāi)特性對(duì)話框
              Ctrl+2：打開(kāi)圖象資源管理器
              Ctrl+3：打開(kāi)工具選項(xiàng)板
              Ctrl+6：打開(kāi)圖象數(shù)據(jù)原子
              Ctrl+8或QC：快速計(jì)算器
              尺寸標(biāo)注
              DRA：半徑標(biāo)注
              DDI：直徑標(biāo)注
              DAL：對(duì)齊標(biāo)注
              DAN：角度標(biāo)注
              END：捕捉到端點(diǎn)
              MID：捕捉到中點(diǎn)
              INT：捕捉到交點(diǎn)
              CEN：捕捉到圓心
              QUA：捕捉到象限點(diǎn)
              TAN：捕捉到切點(diǎn)
              PER：捕捉到垂足
              NOD：捕捉到節(jié)點(diǎn)
              NEA：捕捉到最近點(diǎn)
              AA：測(cè)量區(qū)域和周長(zhǎng)(area)
              ID：指定坐標(biāo)
              LI：指定集體(個(gè)體)的坐標(biāo)
              AL：對(duì)齊(align)
              AR： 陣列(array)
              AP：加載*lsp程系
              AV：打開(kāi)視圖對(duì)話框(dsviewer)
              SE：打開(kāi)對(duì)象自動(dòng)捕捉對(duì)話框
              ST：打開(kāi)字體設(shè)置對(duì)話框(style)
              SO：繪制二圍面( 2d solid)
              SP：拼音的校核(spell)
              SC：縮放比例 (scale)
              SN：柵格捕捉模式設(shè)置(snap)
              DT：文本的設(shè)置(dtext)
              DI：測(cè)量?jī)牲c(diǎn)間的距離
              OI：插入外部對(duì)象
              LE：引線標(biāo)注
              ST：?jiǎn)涡形谋据斎?/p>
              La：圖層管理器
              繪圖命令
              A：繪圓弧
              B：定義塊
              C：畫圓
              D：尺寸資源管理器
              E：刪除
              F：倒圓角
              G：對(duì)象組合
              H：填充
              I：插入
              J：對(duì)接
              S：拉伸
              T：多行文本輸入
              W：定義塊并保存到硬盤中
              L：直線
              M：移動(dòng)
              X：炸開(kāi)
              V：設(shè)置當(dāng)前坐標(biāo)
              U：恢復(fù)上一次操作
              O：偏移
              P：移動(dòng)
              Z：縮放
              提高效率技巧
              1、作圖步驟：設(shè)置圖幅→設(shè)置單位及精度→建立若干圖層→設(shè)置對(duì)象樣式→開(kāi)始繪圖。
              2、繪圖始終使用1：1比例。為改變圖樣的大小，可以在打印時(shí)于圖紙空間內(nèi)設(shè)置不同的打印比例。
              3、為不同類型的圖元對(duì)象設(shè)置不同的圖層、顏色及線寬，而圖元對(duì)的顏色、線型及線寬都應(yīng)由圖層控制(LAYER)。
              4、需精確繪圖時(shí)，可使用柵格捕捉功能，并將柵格捕捉間距設(shè)為適當(dāng)?shù)臄?shù)值。
              5、不要將圖框和圖形繪在同一幅圖中，應(yīng)在布局(LAYOUT)中將圖框按塊插入，然后打印出圖。
              6、對(duì)于有名對(duì)象，如視圖、圖層、圖塊、線型、文字樣式、打印樣式等，命名時(shí)不僅要簡(jiǎn)明，而且要遵循一定的規(guī)律，以便于查找和使用。
              7、將一些常用設(shè)置，如圖層、標(biāo)注樣式、文字樣式、柵格捕捉等內(nèi)容設(shè)置在一圖形模板文件中(即另存為*.DWF)，以后繪制新圖時(shí)，可以創(chuàng)建新圖形向?qū)е袉螕簟笆褂媚０濉眮?lái)打開(kāi)它，并開(kāi)始繪圖。
              下面是一些實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)的圖紙案例，大家可以看看。
              3ds max基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)
              3dmax是一款專業(yè)的三維建模工具，它功能繁多，所有操作都可以在界面中找到。
              打開(kāi)3dmax后，我們可以看到它的界面主要包括【菜單欄】、【主工具欄】、【功能區(qū)】、【視口】、【狀態(tài)欄控件】、【動(dòng)畫控件】、【命令面板】、【時(shí)間尺】、【視口導(dǎo)航】、【場(chǎng)景資源管理器】10大部分，如圖所示。
              各部分介紹如下
              ①菜單欄：很多功能都在菜單欄中，可以執(zhí)行相應(yīng)的操作。
              ②主工具欄：提供3dmax中許多最常用的命令。
              ③功能區(qū)：包含一組工具，可用于建模、繪制到場(chǎng)景中以及添加人物。
              ④視口：可從多個(gè)角度顯示場(chǎng)景，并預(yù)覽照明、陰影、景深和其他效果。
              ⑤狀態(tài)欄控件：顯示場(chǎng)景和活動(dòng)命令的提示和狀態(tài)信息。
              ⑥動(dòng)畫控件：可以創(chuàng)建動(dòng)畫，并在視口內(nèi)播放動(dòng)畫。
              ⑦命令面板：可以訪問(wèn)提供創(chuàng)建和修改幾何體、添加燈光、控制動(dòng)畫等功能的工具。
              ⑧時(shí)間尺：可拖動(dòng)時(shí)間尺，查看動(dòng)畫效果。
              ⑨視口導(dǎo)航：使用這些按鈕可以在活動(dòng)視口中導(dǎo)航場(chǎng)景。
              ⑩場(chǎng)景資源管理器：可以在該管理器中對(duì)不同的對(duì)象進(jìn)行管理。
              菜單欄
              菜單欄位于窗口的最上方，每個(gè)菜單的標(biāo)題表明該菜單上命令的用途。菜單欄中主要包含14個(gè)菜單項(xiàng)，分別為【文件】、【編輯】、【工具】、【組】、【視圖】、【創(chuàng)建】、【修改器】、【動(dòng)畫】、【圖形編輯器】、【渲染】、【Civil View】、【自定義】、【腳本】、【幫助】，如圖所示。
              1、【文件】菜單
              在【文件】菜單中，會(huì)出現(xiàn)很多操作文件的命令，包括【新建】、【重置】、【打開(kāi)】、【保存】、【另存為】、【導(dǎo)入】、【導(dǎo)出】等命令。
              2、【編輯】菜單
              在【編輯】菜單中可以對(duì)文件進(jìn)行編輯操作，如【撤銷】、【重做】、【暫存】、【取回】、【刪除】、【克隆】、【移動(dòng)】、【旋轉(zhuǎn)】、【縮放】等命令。
              3、【工具】菜單
              在【工具】菜單可以對(duì)對(duì)象進(jìn)行常用操作，如【鏡像】、【陣列】、【對(duì)齊】等，更方便的方式是在主工具欄中創(chuàng)建。
              4、【組】菜單
              【組】菜單中的命令可將多個(gè)物體組在一起，還可以解組、打開(kāi)組等操作。
              5、【視圖】菜單
              【視圖】菜單中的命令用來(lái)控制視圖的顯示方式以及視圖的相關(guān)參數(shù)設(shè)置。
              6、【創(chuàng)建】菜單
              在【創(chuàng)建】菜單中可以創(chuàng)建模型、燈光、粒子等對(duì)象，更方便的方式是在【創(chuàng)建面板】中創(chuàng)建。
              7、【修改器】菜單
              在【修改器】菜單中可為對(duì)象添加修改器，更方便的方式是在【修改面板】中添加修改器。
              8、【動(dòng)畫】菜單
              【動(dòng)畫】菜單主要用來(lái)制作動(dòng)畫，包括正向動(dòng)力學(xué)、反向動(dòng)力學(xué)、骨骼的創(chuàng)建和修改等命令。
              9、【圖形編輯器】菜單
              【圖形編輯器】菜單是3dmax中以圖形可視化功能的集合，包括【軌跡視圖-曲線編輯器】、【軌跡視圖-攝影表】、【新建圖解視圖】等。
              10、【渲染】菜單
              在【渲染】菜單中可以使用與渲染相關(guān)的功能，如【渲染】【渲染設(shè)置】【環(huán)境】等。
              11、【Civil View】菜單
              【Civil View】菜單是一款供土木工程師和交通運(yùn)輸基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施規(guī)劃人員使用的可視化工具。
              12、【自定義】菜單
              【自定義】菜單用來(lái)更改用戶界面或系統(tǒng)設(shè)置。
              13、【腳本】菜單
              在【腳本】菜單中可以進(jìn)行語(yǔ)言設(shè)計(jì)，包括新建腳本、打開(kāi)腳本、運(yùn)行腳本等命令。
              14、【幫助】菜單
              在【幫助】菜單中可以學(xué)習(xí)3dmax的幫助文件、了解新版本功能、搜索3dmax命令等。
              主工具欄
              主工具欄中包括了很多3dmax中用于執(zhí)行常見(jiàn)任務(wù)的工具和對(duì)話框，主工具欄位于主窗口的菜單欄下面，這些工具按鈕按照具體功能，大致可以劃分為11大類。
              1、撤銷和重做工具
              在3dmax中操作失誤時(shí)，可以單擊撤消向前返回上一步操作（快捷鍵為Ctrl+Z），也可單擊重做向后返回一步。
              2、鏈接綁定類工具
              鏈接綁定類工具包括3個(gè)，分別為【選擇并鏈接】工具、【斷開(kāi)當(dāng)前選擇鏈接】工具、【綁定到空間扭曲】工具。
              【選擇并鏈接】工具用于鏈接對(duì)象和對(duì)象之間的父子關(guān)系，鏈接后的子模型會(huì)跟隨父模型進(jìn)行移動(dòng)。
              【斷開(kāi)當(dāng)前選擇鏈接】工具與【選擇并鏈接】工具的作用恰好相反，可斷開(kāi)鏈接好的父子關(guān)系。
              【綁定到空間扭曲】工具可以將粒子與空間扭曲之間進(jìn)行綁定。
              3、對(duì)象選擇類工具
              對(duì)象選擇類工具可以使用更合適的選擇方式選擇對(duì)象。對(duì)象選擇類工具包括5個(gè)，分別為【過(guò)濾器】、【選擇對(duì)象】工具、【按名稱選擇】按鈕、【選擇區(qū)域】工具、【窗口/交叉】工具。
              使用【過(guò)濾器】可以只允許選擇一類對(duì)象（例如燈光對(duì)象），不容易操作出錯(cuò)。
              【選擇對(duì)象】工具主要用于選擇一個(gè)或多個(gè)對(duì)象，按住Ctrl鍵可以進(jìn)行加選，按住Alt鍵可以進(jìn)行減選。
              單擊【按名稱選擇】按鈕會(huì)彈出【從場(chǎng)景選擇】對(duì)話框，在該對(duì)話框中可以按名稱選擇所需要的對(duì)象。
              選擇區(qū)域工具包含5種模式，分別是【矩形選擇區(qū)域】工具、【圓形選擇區(qū)域】工具、【圍欄選擇區(qū)域】工具、【套索選擇區(qū)域】工具和【繪制選擇區(qū)域】工具。可以使用不同的選擇區(qū)域形狀進(jìn)行選擇對(duì)象。
              【窗口/交叉】工具用于設(shè)置在框選對(duì)象時(shí)，是以哪種方式選擇。其中當(dāng)【窗口/交叉】工具處于突出狀態(tài)（即未激活狀態(tài)）時(shí)，只要選擇的區(qū)域碰到對(duì)象，即可被選擇。當(dāng)【窗口/交叉】工具處于凹陷狀態(tài)（即激活狀態(tài)）時(shí)，選擇的區(qū)域必須完全覆蓋對(duì)象，才可被選擇。
              4、對(duì)象操作類工具
              對(duì)象操作類工具可以對(duì)對(duì)象進(jìn)行基本操作，如移動(dòng)、選擇、縮放等，是一些非常常用的工具。
              使用【選擇并旋轉(zhuǎn)】工具可以沿X、Y、Z三個(gè)軸向的任意軸向旋轉(zhuǎn)。
              【選擇并縮放】工具包含3種，分別是【選擇并均勻縮放】工具、【選擇并非均勻縮放】工具和【選擇并擠壓】工具。
              使用【選擇并放置】工具可將一個(gè)對(duì)象準(zhǔn)確地放到另一個(gè)對(duì)象的表面，例如把凳子放在地上。
              【參考坐標(biāo)系】可以用來(lái)指定變換操作（如移動(dòng)、旋轉(zhuǎn)、縮放等）所使用的坐標(biāo)系統(tǒng)，包括視圖、屏幕、世界、父對(duì)象、局部、萬(wàn)向、柵格、工作區(qū)、局部對(duì)齊和拾取10種坐標(biāo)系。
              【軸點(diǎn)中心】工具包含【使用軸點(diǎn)中心】工具、【使用選擇中心】工具和【使用變換坐標(biāo)中心】工具3種，使用這些工具可以設(shè)置模型的軸點(diǎn)中心位置。
              使用【選擇并操縱】工具可以在視圖中通過(guò)使用拖曳【操縱器】來(lái)編輯修改器、控制器和某些對(duì)象的參數(shù)。
              使用【鍵盤快捷鍵覆蓋切換】工具可以在只使用“主用戶界面”快捷鍵和同時(shí)使用主快捷鍵和組（如編輯/可編輯網(wǎng)格、軌跡視圖、NURBS等）快捷鍵之間進(jìn)行切換。
              5、精準(zhǔn)類工具
              精準(zhǔn)類工具可以使模型在創(chuàng)建時(shí)更準(zhǔn)確，包括捕捉開(kāi)關(guān)、角度捕捉切換、百分比捕捉切換、微調(diào)器捕捉切換。
              【捕捉開(kāi)關(guān)】工具包括【2D捕捉】工具、【2.5D捕捉】工具和【3D捕捉】工具3種。
              【角度捕捉切換】工具可以用來(lái)指定捕捉的角度（快捷鍵為A鍵）。激活該工具后，角度捕捉將影響所有的旋轉(zhuǎn)變換，在默認(rèn)狀態(tài)下以5°為增量進(jìn)行旋轉(zhuǎn)。
              【百分比捕捉切換】工具可以將對(duì)象縮放捕捉到自定的百分比（快捷鍵為Shift+Ctrl+P），在縮放狀態(tài)下，默認(rèn)每次的縮放百分比為10%。
              【微調(diào)器捕捉切換】工具可以用來(lái)設(shè)置微調(diào)器單次單擊的增加值或減少值。
              6、選擇集類工具
              選擇集類工具包括【管理選擇集】工具和【創(chuàng)建選擇集】工具。
              【管理選擇集】工具可以為單個(gè)或多個(gè)對(duì)象進(jìn)行命名。選中一個(gè)對(duì)象后，單擊【管理選擇集】按鈕可以打開(kāi)【命名選擇集】對(duì)話框，在該對(duì)話框中就可以為選擇的對(duì)象進(jìn)行命名。
              【管理選擇集】工具，并單擊【創(chuàng)建新集】工具后即可創(chuàng)建新集，此時(shí)可以單擊該工具選擇集，如圖所示。
              7、鏡像對(duì)齊類工具
              鏡像對(duì)齊類工具包括【鏡像】工具和【對(duì)齊】工具，這兩個(gè)工具是比較常用的，可以準(zhǔn)確的復(fù)制和對(duì)齊模型。
              使用【鏡像】工具可以圍繞一個(gè)軸心鏡像出一個(gè)或多個(gè)副本對(duì)象。
              對(duì)齊工具可以使兩個(gè)對(duì)象按照一定的方式對(duì)齊位置。鼠標(biāo)左鍵長(zhǎng)按【對(duì)齊】工具，對(duì)齊工具包括6種類型，分別是【對(duì)齊】工具、【快速對(duì)齊】工具、【法線對(duì)齊】工具、【放置高光】工具、【對(duì)齊攝影機(jī)】工具和【對(duì)齊到視圖】工具。
              【快速對(duì)齊】方式可以立即將當(dāng)前選擇對(duì)象的位置與目標(biāo)對(duì)象的位置進(jìn)行對(duì)齊。
              【法線對(duì)齊】基于每個(gè)對(duì)象的面或是以選擇的法線方向來(lái)對(duì)齊兩個(gè)對(duì)象。
              【放置高光】方式可以將燈光或?qū)ο髮?duì)齊到另一個(gè)對(duì)象，以便可以精確定位其高光或反射。
              【對(duì)齊攝影機(jī)】方式可以將攝影機(jī)與選定的面法線進(jìn)行對(duì)齊。
              【對(duì)齊到視圖】方式可以將對(duì)象或子對(duì)象的局部軸與當(dāng)前視圖進(jìn)行對(duì)齊。
              8、資源管理器類工具
              資源管理器類工具包括【切換場(chǎng)景資源管理器】工具和【切換層資源管理器】工具，分別可以對(duì)場(chǎng)景資源和層資源進(jìn)行管理操作。
              【切換場(chǎng)景資源管理器】工具中可以查看、排序、過(guò)濾和選擇對(duì)象，還提供了其他功能，用于重命名、刪除、隱藏和凍結(jié)對(duì)象、創(chuàng)建和修改對(duì)象層次以及編輯對(duì)象屬性。
              【切換層資源管理器】工具可用來(lái)創(chuàng)建和刪除層，也可用來(lái)查看和編輯場(chǎng)景中所有層的設(shè)置以及與其相關(guān)聯(lián)的對(duì)象。
              9、視圖類工具
              切換功能區(qū)、曲線編輯器、圖解視圖這3個(gè)工具可以調(diào)出3個(gè)不同的參數(shù)面板。
              【切換功能區(qū)】可以切換是否顯示【建模】工具，該建模工具是多邊形建模方式的一種新型方式。單擊主工具欄中的【切換功能區(qū)】按鈕即可調(diào)出【建?！康墓ぞ邫?，如圖所示。
              【曲線編輯器】按鈕可以打開(kāi)【軌跡視圖-曲線編輯器】對(duì)話框。【曲線編輯器】是一種【軌跡視圖】模式，可以用曲線來(lái)表示運(yùn)動(dòng)。
              【圖解視圖】是基于節(jié)點(diǎn)的場(chǎng)景圖，通過(guò)它可以訪問(wèn)對(duì)象的屬性、材質(zhì)、控制器、修改器、層次和不可見(jiàn)場(chǎng)景關(guān)系。
              10、材質(zhì)編輯器工具
              【材質(zhì)編輯器】工具可以完成對(duì)材質(zhì)和貼圖的設(shè)置。
              11、渲染類工具
              渲染類工具包括3種與渲染相關(guān)的工具，分別為渲染設(shè)置、渲染幀窗口和渲染產(chǎn)品。
              【渲染設(shè)置】按鈕（快捷鍵為F10）可以打開(kāi)【渲染設(shè)置】對(duì)話框，所有的渲染設(shè)置參數(shù)基本上都在該對(duì)話框中完成。
              【渲染幀窗口】按鈕可以打開(kāi)【渲染幀窗口】對(duì)話框，在該對(duì)話框中可執(zhí)行選擇渲染區(qū)域、切換圖像通道和存儲(chǔ)渲染圖像等任務(wù)。
              【渲染產(chǎn)品】工具、【渲染迭代】工具和ActiveShade工具3種類型。
              功能區(qū)
              單擊主工具欄中的（切換功能區(qū)）按鈕，即可調(diào)出和隱藏功能區(qū)。調(diào)出的功能區(qū)是用于多邊形建模的，如圖所示。
              視口
              3dmax界面中最大的區(qū)域就是視口，默認(rèn)情況下視口包括4部分，分別是頂視圖（快捷鍵為T）、前視圖（快捷鍵為F）、左視圖（快捷鍵為L(zhǎng)）、透視圖（快捷鍵為P），如圖所示。
              例如，單擊前視圖中右上導(dǎo)航器左側(cè)的小圖標(biāo)，模型會(huì)轉(zhuǎn)動(dòng)到左側(cè)，并且視圖左上方變成了【正交】，若想再次切換回【前視圖】，則只需要按快捷鍵F即可切換回來(lái)，如圖所示。
              單擊視圖左上方的四個(gè)按鈕，能分別彈出四個(gè)對(duì)話框，可以允許我們是否顯示柵格、切換其他視圖、設(shè)置照明和陰影、設(shè)置模型顯示模式等，如圖所示。
              狀態(tài)欄控件
              狀態(tài)欄位于軌跡欄的下方，它提供了選定對(duì)象的數(shù)目、類型、變換值和柵格數(shù)目等信息，并且狀態(tài)欄可以基于當(dāng)前光標(biāo)位置和當(dāng)前程序活動(dòng)來(lái)提供動(dòng)態(tài)反饋信息，如圖所示。
              迷你偵聽(tīng)器：用于MAXScript語(yǔ)言的交互翻譯器，它與DOS命令提示窗口類似。
              狀態(tài)欄：此處可顯示選中了幾個(gè)對(duì)象。
              提示行：此處會(huì)提示我們將如何操作當(dāng)前使用的工具。
              孤立當(dāng)前選擇切換：?jiǎn)螕粼摪粹o將只選擇該對(duì)象。
              選擇鎖定切換：?jiǎn)螕粼摪粹o可以鎖定該對(duì)象，此時(shí)其他對(duì)象將無(wú)法選擇。
              絕對(duì)模式變換輸入：?jiǎn)螕艨汕袚Q絕對(duì)模式變換輸入或偏移模式變換輸入。
              相對(duì)/絕對(duì)變換輸入：可在此處的X、Y、Z后方輸入數(shù)值。
              自適應(yīng)降級(jí)：?jiǎn)⒂迷摴ぞ?，在操作?chǎng)景時(shí)會(huì)更流暢。
              柵格：此處顯示柵格數(shù)值。
              時(shí)間標(biāo)記：?jiǎn)螕艨梢蕴砑雍途庉嫎?biāo)記。
              動(dòng)畫控件
              動(dòng)畫控件位于狀態(tài)欄的右側(cè)，這些按鈕主要用來(lái)控制動(dòng)畫的播放效果，包括關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)控制和時(shí)間控制等，如圖所示。
              命令面板
              命令面板由6個(gè)用戶界面面板組成，使用這些面板可以找到3dmax的大多數(shù)建模功能，以及一些動(dòng)畫功能、顯示選擇和其他工具，3dmax每次只有一個(gè)面板可見(jiàn)。6個(gè)面板分別為【創(chuàng)建】面板、【修改】面板、【層次】面板、【運(yùn)動(dòng)】面板、【顯示】面板和【實(shí)用程序】面板，如圖所示。
              進(jìn)入【創(chuàng)建】面板，其中包括7種對(duì)象，分別是【幾何體】、【圖形】、【燈光】、【攝影機(jī)】、【輔助對(duì)象】、【空間扭曲】和【系統(tǒng)】，如圖所示。
              幾何體：用來(lái)創(chuàng)建幾何體模型，如長(zhǎng)方體、球體等。
              圖形：用來(lái)創(chuàng)建樣條線和NURBS曲線，如線、圓、矩形等。
              燈光：用來(lái)創(chuàng)建場(chǎng)景中的燈光，如目標(biāo)燈光、泛光燈。
              攝影機(jī)：用來(lái)創(chuàng)建場(chǎng)景中的攝影機(jī)。
              輔助對(duì)象：用來(lái)創(chuàng)建有助于場(chǎng)景制作的輔助對(duì)象。
              空間扭曲：用來(lái)創(chuàng)建空間扭曲對(duì)象，常搭配粒子使用。
              系統(tǒng)：用來(lái)創(chuàng)建系統(tǒng)工具，如骨骼、環(huán)形陣列等。
              【修改】面板用于修改對(duì)象的參數(shù)，還可以為對(duì)象添加修改器。
              【層次】面板中可以訪問(wèn)調(diào)整對(duì)象間層次鏈接的工具，通過(guò)將一個(gè)對(duì)象與另一個(gè)對(duì)象相鏈接，可以創(chuàng)建對(duì)象之間的父子關(guān)系，包括【軸】、【IK】和【鏈接信息】3種工具。
              【運(yùn)動(dòng)】面板中的參數(shù)用來(lái)調(diào)整選定對(duì)象的運(yùn)動(dòng)屬性。
              【顯示】面板中的參數(shù)用來(lái)設(shè)置場(chǎng)景中的控制對(duì)象的顯示方式。
              【實(shí)用程序】面板中包括幾個(gè)常用的實(shí)用程序，例如塌陷、測(cè)量等。
              時(shí)間尺
              【時(shí)間尺】包括【時(shí)間線滑塊】和【軌跡欄】?jī)纱蟛糠郑鐖D所示。
              時(shí)間線滑塊：位于3dmax界面下方，拖動(dòng)時(shí)可以設(shè)置當(dāng)前幀位于哪個(gè)位置，還可以單擊向左箭頭圖標(biāo)與向右箭頭圖標(biāo)向前或者向后移動(dòng)一幀。
              軌跡欄：位于【時(shí)間線滑塊】下方，用于顯示時(shí)間線的幀數(shù)和添加關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)的位置。
              視口導(dǎo)航
              視口導(dǎo)航控制按鈕在狀態(tài)欄的最右側(cè)，主要用來(lái)控制視圖的顯示和導(dǎo)航，使用這些按鈕可以縮放、平移和旋轉(zhuǎn)活動(dòng)的視圖，如圖所示。
              縮放：使用該工具可以在透視圖或正交視圖中通過(guò)拖拽光標(biāo)來(lái)調(diào)整對(duì)象的大小。
              視野：使用該工具可以設(shè)置視野透視效果。
              縮放所有視圖：使用該工具可以同時(shí)調(diào)整所有視圖的縮放效果。
              平移視圖：使用該工具可以將選定視圖平移到任何位置。
              最大化顯示選定對(duì)象：使用該工具可以將選中的對(duì)象最大化顯示在該視圖中，快捷鍵為Z。
              環(huán)繞子對(duì)象：使用該工具可以使當(dāng)前視圖產(chǎn)生環(huán)繞旋轉(zhuǎn)的效果。
              所有視圖最大化顯示選定對(duì)象：使用該工具可以將選中的對(duì)象最大化顯示在所有視圖中。
              最大化視口切換：?jiǎn)螕粼摪粹o可以切換一個(gè)視圖或四個(gè)視圖。
              3ds max快捷鍵
              顯示降級(jí)適配(開(kāi)關(guān)) 【O】
              適應(yīng)透視圖格點(diǎn) 【Shift】+【Ctrl】+【A】
              排列 【Alt】+【A】
              角度捕捉(開(kāi)關(guān)) 【A】
              動(dòng)畫模式 (開(kāi)關(guān)) 【N】
              改變到后視圖 【K】
              背景鎖定(開(kāi)關(guān)) 【Alt】+【Ctrl】+【B】
              前一時(shí)間單位 【.】
              改變到上(Top)視圖 【T】
              改變到底(Bottom)視圖 【B】
              改變到相機(jī)(Camera)視圖 【C】
              改變到前(Front)視圖 【F】
              改變到等大的用戶(User)視圖 【U】
              改變到右(Right)視圖 【R】
              改變到透視(Perspective)圖 【P】
              循環(huán)改變選擇方式 【Ctrl】+【F】
              默認(rèn)燈光(開(kāi)關(guān)) 【Ctrl】+【L】
              刪除物體 【DEL】
              當(dāng)前視圖暫時(shí)失效 【D】
              是否顯示幾何體內(nèi)框(開(kāi)關(guān)) 【Ctrl】+【E】
              顯示第一個(gè)工具條 【Alt】+【1】
              專家模式棿佑(開(kāi)關(guān)) 【Ctrl】+【X】
              暫存(Hold)場(chǎng)景 【Alt】+【Ctrl】+【H】
              取回(Fetch)場(chǎng)景 【Alt】+【Ctrl】+【F】
              凍結(jié)所選物體 【6】
              跳到第一幀 【HOME】
              顯示/隱藏相機(jī)(Cameras) 【Shift】+【C】
              顯示/隱藏幾何體(Geometry) 【Shift】+【O】
              顯示/隱藏網(wǎng)格(Grids) 【G】
              顯示/隱藏幫助(Helpers)物體 【Shift】+【H】
              顯示/隱藏光源(Lights) 【Shift】+【L】
              顯示/隱藏粒子系統(tǒng)(Particle Systems) 【Shift】+【P】
              顯示/隱藏空間扭曲(Space Warps)物體 【Shift】+【W(wǎng)】
              鎖定用戶界面(開(kāi)關(guān)) 【Alt】+【0】
              匹配到相機(jī)(Camera)視圖 【Ctrl】+【C】
              材質(zhì)(Material)編輯器【M】
              最大化當(dāng)前視圖 (開(kāi)關(guān)) 【W(wǎng)】
              腳本編輯器 【F11】
              新的場(chǎng)景 【Ctrl】+【N】
              法線(Normal)對(duì)齊 【Alt】+【N】
              向下輕推網(wǎng)格小鍵盤【-】
              向上輕推網(wǎng)格小鍵盤【+】
              NURBS表面顯示方式【Alt】+【L】或【Ctrl】+【4】
              NURBS調(diào)整方格2 【Ctrl】+【2】
              NURBS調(diào)整方格3 【Ctrl】+【3】
              偏移捕捉 【Alt】+【Ctrl】+【空格】
              打開(kāi)一個(gè)MAX文件 【Ctrl】+【O】
              平移視圖 【Ctrl】+【P】
              交互式平移視圖 【I】
              放置高光(Highlight) 【Ctrl】+【H】
              播放/停止動(dòng)畫 【/】
              快速(Quick)渲染 【Shift】+【Q】
              回到上一場(chǎng)景*作 【Ctrl】+【A】
              回到上一視圖*作 【Shift】+【A】
              撤消場(chǎng)景*作 【Ctrl】+【Z】
              撤消視圖*作 【Shift】+【Z】
              刷新所有視圖 【1】
              用前一次的參數(shù)進(jìn)行渲染 【Shift】+【E】或【F9】
              渲染配置 【Shift】+【R】或【F10】
              在xy/yz/zx鎖定中循環(huán)改變 【F8】
              約束到X軸 【F5】
              約束到Y(jié)軸 【F6】
              透明顯示所選物體(開(kāi)關(guān)) 【Alt】+【X】
              選擇父物體 【PageUp】
              選擇子物體 【PageDown】
              根據(jù)名稱選擇物體 【H】
              選擇鎖定(開(kāi)關(guān)) 【空格】
              減淡所選物體的面(開(kāi)關(guān)) 【F2】
              顯示所有視圖網(wǎng)格(Grids)(開(kāi)關(guān)) 【Shift】+【G】
              顯示/隱藏命令面板 【3】
              顯示/隱藏浮動(dòng)工具條 【4】
              顯示最后一次渲染的圖畫 【Ctrl】+【I】
              顯示/隱藏主要工具欄【Alt】+【6】
              顯示/隱藏安全框 【Shift】+【F】
              顯示/隱藏所選物體的支架 【J】
              顯示/隱藏工具條 【Y】/【2】
              百分比(Percent)捕捉(開(kāi)關(guān)) 【Shift】+【Ctrl】+【P】
              打開(kāi)/關(guān)閉捕捉(Snap) 【S】
              循環(huán)通過(guò)捕捉點(diǎn) 【Alt】+【空格】
              聲音(開(kāi)關(guān)) 【\】
              間隔放置物體 【Shift】+【I】
              改變到光線視圖 【Shift】+【4】
              循環(huán)改變子物體層級(jí) 【Ins】
              子物體選擇(開(kāi)關(guān)) 【Ctrl】+【B】
              帖圖材質(zhì)(Texture)修正 【Ctrl】+【T】
              加大動(dòng)態(tài)坐標(biāo) 【+】
              減小動(dòng)態(tài)坐標(biāo) 【-】
              激活動(dòng)態(tài)坐標(biāo)(開(kāi)關(guān)) 【X】
              精確輸入轉(zhuǎn)變量 【F12】
              全部解凍 【7】
              根據(jù)名字顯示隱藏的物體 【5】
              刷新背景圖像(Background) 【Alt】+【Shift】+【Ctrl】+【B】
              顯示幾何體外框(開(kāi)關(guān)) 【F4】
              視圖背景(Background) 【Alt】+【B】
              用方框(Box)快顯幾何體(開(kāi)關(guān)) 【Shift】+【B】
              打開(kāi)虛擬現(xiàn)實(shí) 數(shù)字鍵盤【1】
              虛擬視圖向下移動(dòng) 數(shù)字鍵盤【2】
              虛擬視圖向左移動(dòng) 數(shù)字鍵盤【4】
              虛擬視圖向右移動(dòng) 數(shù)字鍵盤【6】
              虛擬視圖向中移動(dòng) 數(shù)字鍵盤【8】
              虛擬視圖放大 數(shù)字鍵盤【7】
              虛擬視圖縮小 數(shù)字鍵盤【9】
              實(shí)色顯示場(chǎng)景中的幾何體(開(kāi)關(guān)) 【F3】
              全部視圖顯示所有物體 【Shift】+【Ctrl】+【Z】
              *視窗縮放到選擇物體范圍(Extents) 【E】
              縮放范圍 【Alt】+【Ctrl】+【Z】
              視窗放大兩倍 【Shift】+數(shù)字鍵盤【+】
              放大鏡工具 【Z】
              視窗縮小兩倍 【Shift】+數(shù)字鍵盤【-】
              根據(jù)框選進(jìn)行放大 【Ctrl】+【w】
              視窗交互式放大 【[】
              視窗交互式縮小 【]】
              軌跡視圖
              加入(Add)關(guān)鍵幀 【A】
              前一時(shí)間單位 【<;】
              下一時(shí)間單位 【>;】
              編輯(Edit)關(guān)鍵幀模式 【E】
              編輯區(qū)域模式 【F3】
              編輯時(shí)間模式 【F2】
              展開(kāi)對(duì)象(Object)切換 【O】
              展開(kāi)軌跡(Track)切換 【T】
              函數(shù)(Function)曲線模式 【F5】或【F】
              鎖定所選物體 【空格】
              向上移動(dòng)高亮顯示 【↓】
              向左輕移關(guān)鍵幀 【←】
              向右輕移關(guān)鍵幀 【→】
              位置區(qū)域模式 【F4】
              回到上一場(chǎng)景*作 【Ctrl】+【A】
              撤消場(chǎng)景*作 【Ctrl】+【Z】
              用前一次的配置進(jìn)行渲染 【F9】
              渲染配置 【F10】
              向下收攏 【Ctrl】+【↓】
              向上收攏 【Ctrl】+【↑】
              材質(zhì)編輯器
              用前一次的配置進(jìn)行渲染 【F9】
              渲染配置 【F10】
              撤消場(chǎng)景*作 【Ctrl】+【Z】
              示意(Schematic)視圖
              下一時(shí)間單位 【>;】
              前一時(shí)間單位 【<;】
              回到上一場(chǎng)景*作 【Ctrl】+【A】
              繪制(Draw)區(qū)域 【D】
              渲染(Render) 【R】
              鎖定工具欄(泊塢窗) 【空格】
              草圖大師基礎(chǔ)
              sketchup是一款主要面向室內(nèi)外、園林等設(shè)計(jì)的三維設(shè)計(jì)軟件，也常常被廣大的設(shè)計(jì)師朋友們稱為草圖大師，因?yàn)橄鄬?duì)于其他3d模型來(lái)說(shuō)精細(xì)程度上的確是有一些差距，但是也是一款比較直觀、靈活，易用的軟件。
              軟件基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)
              我們想要掌握一款軟件，那么軟件的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的掌握比較重要。比如說(shuō)sketchup軟件的基礎(chǔ)工具，命令操作步驟。sketchup的基礎(chǔ)工具主要是包括，二維的繪圖工具，有畫直線，矩形，圓，圓弧，多邊形和手繪線等，然后是模型的編輯工具移動(dòng)，旋轉(zhuǎn)，縮放，推拉，路徑跟隨，偏移復(fù)制等。編輯工具是構(gòu)建模型的常用命令。接著就是相關(guān)的測(cè)量工具和視圖查看工具，最后就是導(dǎo)人視和剖面相關(guān)的命令。
              下面是關(guān)于“環(huán)繞觀察”是使用：
              打開(kāi)一個(gè)SketchUp文件，點(diǎn)按工具欄，環(huán)繞觀察命令，在界面按下鼠標(biāo)左鍵拖動(dòng)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)環(huán)繞觀察。
              第2步，在其他工具下，如果想進(jìn)行環(huán)繞觀察，可以按下鼠標(biāo)中間并拖動(dòng)界面上下左右拖動(dòng)，同樣也可以實(shí)現(xiàn)環(huán)繞觀察。
              第3步居中顯示，在任意工具下，單擊鼠標(biāo)滾輪，都可以讓點(diǎn)擊位置居中顯示。
              第4步，點(diǎn)按工具欄上的手型，也就是平移工具，然后在界面上按下鼠標(biāo)左鍵拖動(dòng)物體或畫布，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)畫布的平移。
              第5步，在其他工具下，按下shift并按下鼠標(biāo)中鍵拖動(dòng)物體或畫布，也可以實(shí)現(xiàn)畫布的平移。
              第6步，按下縮放工具后，在界面上按下鼠標(biāo)左鍵，向上拖動(dòng)放大顯示界面，向下拖動(dòng)會(huì)縮減顯示界面，也可以通過(guò)向前或者向后滾動(dòng)滾輪的方法實(shí)現(xiàn)該功能。
              第7步，點(diǎn)按縮放范圍會(huì)讓界面中所有物體充滿整個(gè)界面，該功能的快捷鍵是ctrl+shift+e或者另一個(gè)快捷鍵shift+z也可以實(shí)現(xiàn)該功能。
              第8步，這兩個(gè)命令是向前或者向后恢復(fù)視圖。
              詳細(xì)的sketchup的基礎(chǔ)工具介紹大家可以看看視頻教程：
              Sketchup基礎(chǔ)工具【入門必備】：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1ze411T7K9/
              下面介紹下sketchup怎么建模
              1、建模前的準(zhǔn)備工作
              一般我們的景觀方案確定好后，就可以把方案按照具體尺寸落到cad上面，如圖1，但是圖1的cad化的平面，最后導(dǎo)入su是需要簡(jiǎn)化cad線稿的，簡(jiǎn)化后的cad線稿，如圖2。
              圖1
              圖2
              2、CAD線稿整理
              ①另存一個(gè)cad
              命名不能用中文，因?yàn)闈h字和字母的算法不一樣，SU可能識(shí)別出錯(cuò)。
              ②炸開(kāi)組件
              將新的cad里面的組件炸開(kāi)。因?yàn)橛行〤AD文件，可能是用天正等軟件繪制，導(dǎo)入SU后會(huì)消失。
              ③刪除一些影響平面整體性的線
              再刪除字體、標(biāo)高，雕塑，景石，坐凳，燈具，鋪裝填充等等一些影響平面整體性的線。
              ④線條高度歸零
              SU是在一個(gè)平面上面建模的，所以線條需要統(tǒng)一標(biāo)高。
              ⑤歸同一個(gè)圖層
              將所以線條歸在同一個(gè)圖層，方便后面清理cad。
              ⑥pu清理cad
              清理cad其他圖層，目的減少cad內(nèi)存，導(dǎo)入su的時(shí)候不占太多內(nèi)存。
              3、SU建模前的整理
              ①SU開(kāi)始界面
              SU開(kāi)始界面，會(huì)讓我們選擇一個(gè)模板，這里以2015版本為例，我們可以選擇建筑設(shè)計(jì)-毫米這個(gè)模板進(jìn)去su。
              ②導(dǎo)入cad線稿
              SU導(dǎo)入cad的時(shí)候，會(huì)出現(xiàn)一個(gè)窗口，右邊選項(xiàng)，記得點(diǎn)擊打鉤全部選項(xiàng)還有選擇單位為毫米。如圖3
              ③炸開(kāi)線稿
              ④線稿封面
              一般需要用到插件（胚子庫(kù)）來(lái)封面，可以節(jié)省很多時(shí)間。插件自己網(wǎng)上下載哈。如圖5
              圖3
              圖4
              圖5
              4、SU建模
              ①正面建模
              Su有正反面之分，正面為白色，反面為藍(lán)色，模型外面需要是正面，為了導(dǎo)入lumion渲染的時(shí)候，可以識(shí)別，lumion課程可以移步我們的其他教程分享。
              ②成組（組件）建模
              按照一定原則清晰的分成組或者組件，目的是為了方便后期修改，不會(huì)受場(chǎng)景中的其他東西干擾。編輯速度也快。
              ③貼材質(zhì)
              材質(zhì)可以吸已有的模型的材質(zhì)來(lái)用，也可以自己制作需要的材質(zhì),如圖6
              ④放置建筑
              模型大體完成，這樣就可以進(jìn)入lumion渲染，如果目前只需要su出圖的話，再進(jìn)行第五步
              ⑤放置植物，人物，小品
              SU出圖效果也不錯(cuò)，放置一些植物，人物，小品來(lái)營(yíng)造氛圍
              ⑥植物配置
              植物配置方式有多種形式，總結(jié)來(lái)說(shuō)就是二個(gè)字“層次”。
              圖6
              關(guān)于sketchup建模的課程，大家可以看看以下視頻學(xué)習(xí)以下：
              最簡(jiǎn)單的3D建模軟件：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV13K4y1Q76R/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click
              從0到1，手把手帶你學(xué)會(huì)SU建模：https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1dh411b7zf/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click
              軟件的快捷鍵
              掌握快捷鍵知識(shí)，可以幫助我們?cè)谑褂胹ketchup軟件更加的流暢和方便，相對(duì)來(lái)說(shuō)是一種進(jìn)階的知識(shí)。
              學(xué)習(xí)資料推薦
              《建筑裝飾制圖與識(shí)圖（第4版）》緊密結(jié)合建筑裝飾工程的實(shí)際應(yīng)用，介紹了繪圖工具的使用及制圖的基本知識(shí)、畫法幾何基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)、建筑及裝飾制圖與識(shí)圖以及給排水、采暖與空調(diào)、建筑電氣等設(shè)備施工圖的識(shí)讀等內(nèi)容。書后附有裝飾施工圖實(shí)例，便于讀者對(duì)照學(xué)習(xí)。
              《中文版3ds Max 2020實(shí)用教程》
              《3ds Max 2020+VRay效果圖制作從入門到精通》
              《室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)精品集》集中了全國(guó)各地眾多室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)師在近兩年所設(shè)計(jì)完成的優(yōu)秀作品，涉及到住宅室內(nèi)空間的各種類型，其中包括普通住宅、獨(dú)立別墅、豪華公寓及各類樣板間等。這些作品設(shè)計(jì)新穎、風(fēng)格各異，有很多已經(jīng)成為國(guó)內(nèi)住宅室內(nèi)空間設(shè)計(jì)的樣板方案。
              室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程
              室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)的過(guò)程分為三個(gè)階段，策劃階段、方案階段、施工圖階段。
              策劃階段
              1、由甲方或業(yè)主提出要求，比如使用功能、經(jīng)營(yíng)理念、風(fēng)格樣式、投資費(fèi)用等。
              2、需要現(xiàn)場(chǎng)勘測(cè)，收集原始土建圖紙資料。
              3、由設(shè)計(jì)師與業(yè)主共同設(shè)計(jì)概念草圖，草圖需要反映功能、空間、技術(shù)、設(shè)計(jì)形式等方面。
              方案階段
              1、在概念草圖的基礎(chǔ)上，深入設(shè)計(jì)，進(jìn)行方案的分析和比較，比如功能分析、交通流線分析、空間使用情況分析、裝修材料的比較選擇。
              2、與土建和裝修的前后銜接，圖紙需要設(shè)計(jì)承重結(jié)構(gòu)、設(shè)施管道等。
              施工圖階段
              1、裝修施工圖
              ①設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明、工程材料做法表、飾面材料分類表、裝修門窗表；
              ②隔墻定位平面圖、平面布置圖、鋪地平面圖、天花布置圖、放大平面圖；
              ③立面圖、剖面圖
              ④大樣圖、詳圖
              2、設(shè)備施工圖
              ①給排水：系統(tǒng)、給排水布置、消防噴淋；
              ②電氣：強(qiáng)電系統(tǒng)、燈具走線、開(kāi)關(guān)插座、弱電系統(tǒng)、消防照明、消防監(jiān)控；
              ③暖通：系統(tǒng)、空調(diào)布置
              室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)風(fēng)格
              現(xiàn)代風(fēng)格
              現(xiàn)代風(fēng)格以流線型為主要設(shè)計(jì)，這種風(fēng)格以平滑的表面，精心選擇的家具以及中性或黑白配色的前衛(wèi)藝術(shù)品聞名?，F(xiàn)代主義的室內(nèi)通常被稱作“超現(xiàn)代空間”，采用木材、大理石和金屬等的簡(jiǎn)單材料，與配色鮮明大膽的墻飾、照明燈具以及重要家具形成對(duì)比。
              工業(yè)風(fēng)格
              工業(yè)風(fēng)的設(shè)計(jì)靈感來(lái)源于工廠的翻新，工業(yè)風(fēng)的設(shè)計(jì)以其質(zhì)樸的哲學(xué)理念而聞名，即暴露管線、磚塊、混凝土墻面和梁等建筑構(gòu)件，這種室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)風(fēng)格通常還伴隨著中性的色調(diào)，和混合著質(zhì)樸材料的家具以及吊頂照明，與粗獷的空間形成對(duì)比。
              北歐風(fēng)格
              這種風(fēng)格在簡(jiǎn)潔的線條、簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)用的家具和充足的自然光中進(jìn)一步被強(qiáng)調(diào)。此外在配色上，我們常見(jiàn)到全白的餐廳中置有黑色的雕塑或者黑白照片，它們創(chuàng)造一種出微妙而大膽的感覺(jué)。
              日式北歐融合
              自然材料的使用與光滑線條、溫暖色調(diào)的平衡是現(xiàn)代日式美學(xué)的一大特點(diǎn)，與之不同的是，北歐風(fēng)的室內(nèi)色調(diào)以黑白灰為主，偶爾有中性色調(diào)以及金屬點(diǎn)綴?，F(xiàn)代日式與北歐設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)合，就形成了經(jīng)典的美學(xué)。
              復(fù)古風(fēng)格
              隨著審美的發(fā)展，設(shè)計(jì)師需要在當(dāng)代環(huán)境下重新構(gòu)思舊風(fēng)格，這種復(fù)古潮流一般是從20世紀(jì)下半葉中找尋靈感，常以明艷的色調(diào)、大膽的幾何圖案、花哨的裝修或者中古家具的形式出現(xiàn)。
              地中海風(fēng)格
              地中海風(fēng)的設(shè)計(jì)以淺色而溫暖的色調(diào)為特征，與藍(lán)色和綠色形成對(duì)比，代表了陽(yáng)光、海洋與郁郁蔥蔥的種植園。天然材料，如陶瓷、木材、纖維和鍛鐵的大量使用也常見(jiàn)于這類項(xiàng)目，此外還有裝飾瓷磚表現(xiàn)地中海國(guó)家的植物群以及自然光。
              極簡(jiǎn)主義設(shè)計(jì)
              極簡(jiǎn)主義的室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)使用最基本的物品來(lái)構(gòu)建簡(jiǎn)單而干凈的空間。它的特點(diǎn)是單色、功能性強(qiáng)、缺乏裝飾和線條簡(jiǎn)潔，體現(xiàn)了“少即是多”的主張。
              中式復(fù)古風(fēng)格
              中式復(fù)古風(fēng)格是通過(guò)一些中式的裝飾，裝修出一種清雅高尚的風(fēng)格。
              中式裝修在選材上也很是講究，因?yàn)檫@是體現(xiàn)中式風(fēng)格的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)部分，大家通常使用原木棕色來(lái)裝修房屋，這樣既溫馨自然，也能充分的利用中式裝修的古典元素。
              在裝飾品方面，最好都有中國(guó)元素在里面，像是屏風(fēng)、山水畫就是不錯(cuò)的選擇，還可以加入一些盆栽，使屋內(nèi)更加自然、漂亮。而且中國(guó)也非常講究房屋的布局，講究對(duì)稱美，中式布局就是即使很小的空間也留有足夠的空間供人活動(dòng)。
              新中式風(fēng)格
              新中式風(fēng)格講究空間的層次感與跳躍感。在需要隔絕視線的地方,則使用中式的屏風(fēng)、窗欞、中式木門、工藝隔斷、簡(jiǎn)約化的中式“博古架”等。通過(guò)這種新的分隔方式,單元式住宅就展現(xiàn)出中式家居的層次之美。再配以一些簡(jiǎn)約的造型為基礎(chǔ),添加了中式元素,使整體空間更加豐富,大而不空、厚而不重,有格調(diào)又不顯壓抑。
              簡(jiǎn)約中式風(fēng)格
              中式簡(jiǎn)約裝修風(fēng)格整體兼有傳統(tǒng)中式風(fēng)格和現(xiàn)代簡(jiǎn)約風(fēng)格之間，不會(huì)有中式那種沉悶，也不會(huì)有簡(jiǎn)約那種飄逸。沉穩(wěn)大方是，不奢華，又不失品味。每一個(gè)房間，甚至在每一個(gè)角落都在簡(jiǎn)單的中式元素運(yùn)用中沉淀出中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的魅力。
              室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)原則
              1、 整體性設(shè)計(jì)原則：保證室內(nèi)空間協(xié)調(diào)一致的美感；
              2、 功能性設(shè)計(jì)原則：空間的使用功能如布局，界面裝飾、陳設(shè)和環(huán)境氣氛與功能統(tǒng)一；
              3、 審美性設(shè)計(jì)原則：通過(guò)形，色、質(zhì)、聲、光等形式語(yǔ)言體現(xiàn)室內(nèi)空間美感；
              4、 技術(shù)性設(shè)計(jì)原則：一是比例尺度關(guān)系；二是材料應(yīng)用和施工配合的關(guān)系；
              5、 經(jīng)濟(jì)性設(shè)計(jì)原則：以最小的消耗達(dá) 到所需目的。
              學(xué)習(xí)資料推薦
              學(xué)習(xí)室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)需要購(gòu)買一些專門的學(xué)習(xí)教材，然后再配合視頻教程系統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)，這樣才能學(xué)的比較好。
              教材：
              1、《色彩構(gòu)成》
              2、《設(shè)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則:成為自己的室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)師》作者：伊萊恩·格里芬
              本書內(nèi)容:這本書講述了許多不同的思維方式和習(xí)慣，不斷地挑戰(zhàn)你既定的認(rèn)知。她分享了專業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)師設(shè)計(jì)每個(gè)房間用到的設(shè)計(jì)原則、尺寸、比例和道理，這些秘密很難在實(shí)踐中學(xué)會(huì)
              3、《室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)師專用協(xié)調(diào)色搭配手冊(cè)》作者：艾莉斯·芭珂麗
              這篇實(shí)用指南為你提供200種經(jīng)典配色方案。它將教你如何創(chuàng)造一個(gè)安靜的臥室，寬敞的生活區(qū)和明亮、通風(fēng)的廚房，探索哪些微妙的顏色組合可以喚起不同的情緒，創(chuàng)造不同的氛圍。
              4、《室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)資料集》作者：張啟曼，鄭樹陽(yáng)
              本書匯集了中央工藝美術(shù)學(xué)院環(huán)境藝術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)系30多年的教學(xué)和設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)。它從藝術(shù)與技術(shù)的角度出發(fā)，既有豐富的理論指導(dǎo)，又有豐富的實(shí)踐設(shè)計(jì)，包含了對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外有很大參考價(jià)值的室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)資料。是國(guó)內(nèi)最全面、系統(tǒng)、實(shí)用的室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)專業(yè)大型工具書。
              視頻課程：
              室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)零基礎(chǔ)入門教程https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1mx411d7Zn/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click
              cad室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)施工圖教程【全集】https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1dC4y1H7fZ/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click
              徹底學(xué)會(huì)3DMAXhttps://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Xa411T74r/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click
              除了以上的學(xué)習(xí)方法，我們還可以通過(guò)專門的室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)資源網(wǎng)站資進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)，如我要自學(xué)網(wǎng)、網(wǎng)易云課堂、Houzz、建E室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)網(wǎng)、一兜糖、拓者設(shè)計(jì)吧、美間、中國(guó)設(shè)計(jì)聯(lián)盟等等
                %3Chowto_content%3E[{"type":"paragraph","attrs":{"is_abstract":true},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)是從建筑設(shè)計(jì)中的裝飾部分演變出來(lái)的，它是根據(jù)建筑物的使用性質(zhì)、所處環(huán)境和相應(yīng)標(biāo)準(zhǔn)，創(chuàng)造出合理、舒適、美觀、滿足人們物質(zhì)生活和精神生活需要的室內(nèi)環(huán)境。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XmMad2QeYoWSUCx8jP8cgAfvnSf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"學(xué)習(xí)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LsakdsI2Ko8iiUxmQA3czsfBnwd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"剛接觸室內(nèi)裝飾設(shè)計(jì)，需要先學(xué)習(xí)一些室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，比如美術(shù)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)、CAD、3D建模知識(shí)，這些都是需要學(xué)習(xí)的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AW28duoIWowUuUx0okZczK3Enpf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"美術(shù)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DS0KdqeiwoIucyxqgsscTAfxn9C"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)需要用到的美術(shù)基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)，包括透視、線條畫法、構(gòu)圖、明暗、色彩等，我們簡(jiǎn)單介紹一下。因?yàn)槭呛?jiǎn)介，受限于篇幅限制，提前給大家推薦一些學(xué)習(xí)資料：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"U4Uqday2woGKaIxiQNkcjxGun5c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"10分鐘快速掌握透視的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)：","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Ep4y1W7hA/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Ep4y1W7hA/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click","id":""}],"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"U8cqdYceGo0ykkxOiJycSmspn3b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"線條畫法：","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1aK4y1o74Z/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1aK4y1o74Z/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click","id":""}],"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Gaomdqu2aoIsOOxEBgkcwMC1nuf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"明暗：","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1du411C7Ap/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1du411C7Ap/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click","id":""}],"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IcC8dG4gOo22gMxeKlbcJTsLnBh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"構(gòu)圖：","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV12s411J7PD/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV12s411J7PD/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click","id":""}],"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HGqGdQ0yWoMwQwxu6Enckp0pngg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"色彩：","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Y3411M7e5/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Y3411M7e5/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click","id":""}],"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FQModekMUo8iuexiCkncDnkOnpf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"除了上面的這些資料，大家也可以自己在網(wǎng)上尋找資料，如我要自學(xué)網(wǎng)、b站等免費(fèi)較多，勤學(xué)網(wǎng)較專業(yè)部分需要付費(fèi)可供有進(jìn)一步深入學(xué)習(xí)的讀者。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OGIQdOgMSooSA0xctQpcbs3mnNc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"透視","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ge8gd2YacoGmKexgbW0cIUcan1b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"透視的基本原理：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DgcKdcc0Yo2wgIxjllccn5EEnb4"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"視覺(jué)上產(chǎn)生近大遠(yuǎn)小、近寬遠(yuǎn)窄、近長(zhǎng)遠(yuǎn)短、近實(shí)遠(yuǎn)虛的現(xiàn)象，就是形體透視。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ow2wdc0kSoSOeOx8G4ZcRlQHnlc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"透視包括一點(diǎn)透視、兩點(diǎn)透視、三點(diǎn)透視。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"O8q0dokSAom4ykx0aPncNOBunMf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"關(guān)于透視的具體解說(shuō)，大家也可以看下視頻課程。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PgUidQ2cyoGQa8x2R67cD5iJnMb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"素描透視的認(rèn)識(shí)：","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1DQ4y1C7rG/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1DQ4y1C7rG/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click","id":""}],"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"L46gdCgI6oUSG4xaU3UcLu3xnMg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"平行（一點(diǎn)）透視","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SYQudi4UyoEMcIxOIlgcL67in1d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"物體與畫面平行，底面與地面平行，視線上有一個(gè)中心消失點(diǎn)的透視現(xiàn)象，為平行透視，只有一個(gè)消失點(diǎn)，又被稱為一點(diǎn)透視。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PAEYdAeQgoY0mgxQ5L1cAXyhnbb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"成角（兩點(diǎn)）透視","id":""}],"text":"","id":"X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Bk2cZVENnPc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":153,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"馬克筆技法","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/cdc900164a94468d833a63e971b1484d","width":278},"text":"","id":"FeOcduuMeoseo4xCuDPcqGqTn9c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"會(huì)出現(xiàn)的問(wèn)題","id":""}],"text":"","id":"F4qcdEM08ocagkxgt2ScriOpn6e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"運(yùn)筆太慢：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IkWodmEauoUq2exeAw5cMs1onqe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":132,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"馬克筆技法","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c67c2b50478a4279bfaabbb0c0fb24cd","width":193},"text":"","id":"O8ESdA2MSocesWxMrJbcP6Monsc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"紙沒(méi)有完全壓在筆上：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZKS8d4UySokIQuxCYGEcIviAn4e"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":97,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"馬克筆技法","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a9c3bcc8f306404e86cf5f2906573b0b","width":209},"text":"","id":"OIqCdmWI4oeCg6xempDcIRzXnVh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"畫的時(shí)候猶豫：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ToEId6g2Mocy4Ex2xW5cTh1wnEb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":108,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"馬克筆技法","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/97d750d433b04cfd8cf77a28120beb37","width":175},"text":"","id":"R24wdeaWKocI20xwJUKclkFun4e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"點(diǎn)的時(shí)候太過(guò)僵硬：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BIGwd4wuYoQw8yxoxfrcqlrtnoc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":105,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"馬克筆技法","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b4aca92f18bb4f2c9d40ea05f725419e","width":171},"text":"","id":"JciUdWoOQo6Kuox4YBBc8On4ngd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"構(gòu)圖基本規(guī)律","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E2aadego4oY0wUx6afwcHEB5nWg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"構(gòu)圖就是搭建畫面的骨架關(guān)系，是將眾多的視覺(jué)元素進(jìn)行有機(jī)的安排、組合。以達(dá)到視覺(jué)上的審美要求。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LUmgdGaigo4EOAx8L99cTz65ntd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"構(gòu)圖是手繪畫面中十分重要的的基礎(chǔ)環(huán)節(jié)，在深入刻畫之前，應(yīng)該選擇合適的視角，恰當(dāng)、協(xié)調(diào)的安排布置各個(gè)對(duì)象在畫畫中的面積、位置、比例等關(guān)系以及體塊之間的各種關(guān)系。理想的構(gòu)圖需要做到平衡中求變化、變化中求統(tǒng)一。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ky8OdsA06omqYKxKSpzcVhW8nkh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":755,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"構(gòu)圖基本規(guī)律","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/05939e2327c642eeb42fcb4b2f3260ed","width":787},"text":"","id":"OwaMdso0AoyqQoxMnNpcNyghnqh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"明暗","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AGOadAooOo4o2MxwHDBcwnSgnxe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"有光就有明暗。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I8sedmy4soq8Smxa2dKcgZnrnrg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"通常光照射物體，會(huì)產(chǎn)生受光面、背光面、反光面，我們把看到這整體場(chǎng)景關(guān)系稱作明暗。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AwsEdOMmsoOkksxKYAOcUXkInzb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":426,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"明暗","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/88a1d71e34d94e92b8a0041a8a7d748f","width":846},"text":"","id":"UkiUdWIAuoiSaOxIZixcxsosnuc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在繪畫時(shí)要注意整幅畫的明暗關(guān)系，打好明暗交界線之后，用較淺的色調(diào)畫大體的明暗，要借助大體的明暗呈現(xiàn)來(lái)調(diào)整輪廓和形體的關(guān)系。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NgkodCUySo02gWxwh6fcLQgWnHb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"光線直線前進(jìn)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TeyMdmSI4oMm2Gx6St2cPuFUnfg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"放射線狀的太陽(yáng)光源和照亮一點(diǎn)的手電光源都是筆直地前進(jìn)的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Vu2idcgUCosousx0sKXcVNCNnWe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"任何物體離光源越遠(yuǎn)，光的影響越弱，顏色越暗色，這種性質(zhì)無(wú)論在空氣中、水中、玻璃中等地方都不會(huì)改變。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AE6adwIq8o4u6IxAFjGcnhqLnHf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":285,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"光線直線前進(jìn)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/67b58e19840449df836fd7e189a73e3f","width":789},"text":"","id":"UegGdUUSUoEqGexYtE0coaNUnMc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"光會(huì)反射","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DKgQd0kWioiaWoxvXlPcIL0Ynju"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"①反射光","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZiG8dEkC2oyegWxYx9Bckz9Xnjh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":602,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"光會(huì)反射","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/802c6b3f1f4642f6adebe4cea38f04c4","width":1274},"text":"","id":"BAsKd2usIoUyiWxg1ZGcTBMFnAd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"每個(gè)物體的光反射率不同，物體的質(zhì)感表現(xiàn)也會(huì)發(fā)生變化，反射率越低顏色越發(fā)黑，反射率越高顏色越高光。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AcWEdYeGyooiK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","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HAwEd40i0ouUSExozh3cxYhznYc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":540,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"色彩運(yùn)用","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/cc5a549b40d44372b69a607f908ea0d3","width":720},"text":"","id":"TYeEdYkUSoeIQoxbjUUcNHPVnnT"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"暖色具有前進(jìn)感，冷色具有后退感。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SmIUdgKaOo8U2exAFzucizssn1g"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":347,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"色彩運(yùn)用","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ba91afb2e35149fe8dcd51d4a040d043","width":720},"text":"","id":"OG6EdQGQeo4oKAx0ml7cmcZQnug"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"空間過(guò)高、走廊過(guò)長(zhǎng)時(shí)，可用前進(jìn)色，減弱空曠感；小戶型選擇高光度地板配合后退色墻面，可以改善空間狹小感受。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PqucdsSC2oMWu8xk5yrclAhPn2b"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":532,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"色彩運(yùn)用","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/983c1107ff244912a0c73e5b3532cd33","width":720},"text":"","id":"UQ2gdekw4osY2ex4RxAcrG9WnTf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" 淺色有上升感，深色有下墜感。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EkkUdoU4Kos24kxIgK6cfsQOn8B"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":347,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"色彩運(yùn)用","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/5a20480a99cf4204af9c5e9f4aad245c","width":720},"text":"","id":"E684ds4Cmos2AuxCaF3cH9qQndh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"利用色彩的上升感和下墜感，把顏色重心放在地面，通過(guò)空間上的反差，可以讓整體更加簡(jiǎn)約清新。面積小，層高低的戶型運(yùn)用這種裝修風(fēng)格，會(huì)讓空間顯得更大更敞亮。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Fq0QdqyyKo8uSGxqgffcwOjWnBe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":451,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"色彩運(yùn)用","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/adad9769f4ce4c2faee09d618e67c1d4","width":720},"text":"","id":"QESOd4CImo86YgxEXSXc65DanHb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"我們一般把室內(nèi)的色彩分為以下幾類:","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QcS8dS0o8oucG0xwTu4cJHJynkc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"背景色：面積最大的部分的顏色，即墻面、地面、頂面的顏色；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CsW6d8oeSoMaOgx85Ftc7KASnTf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"主色：空間內(nèi)的主體的顏色，比如大件家具，客廳的沙發(fā)、餐廳的餐桌、臥室的床品顏色；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CyGYd4uoSoGI02xW2uZc86qxnEb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"配色：一般是面積比主體小一點(diǎn)的物件的顏色，比如單人沙發(fā)、茶幾、邊幾、餐椅、床頭柜等色彩；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GWekdE4W6oogiwxOQDecCmoUnjf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"點(diǎn)綴色：體積最小，一般是靠枕、花瓶、綠植、擺設(shè)等顏色。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XAUQdGIiiogywmx88VncJE1Rnxb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"搭配時(shí)可以采用主色彩占60%，次要色彩占30%，輔助色彩占10%這樣一個(gè)搭配比例。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TUEQdQ6ieoIcaYxoxQUcM4kVnac"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":527,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"色彩運(yùn)用","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/992e8b8f49634708ae671ee6ccd1bd83","width":720},"text":"","id":"WMKEdSgYEogsMex0yNocXuUMnYg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EqEOd6aYqoIeGix8H5Mcp9wAnQf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"同一空間配色不得超過(guò)三種，其中白色、黑色不算色彩比例。也就是說(shuō)，如果墻面是白色，那么大件家具如沙發(fā)、窗簾的色彩比例可以是60%。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ig4od0a2Mo6MU2xuSXWc42xKnzf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"進(jìn)行色彩搭配時(shí)，我們需要用到色環(huán)，可以從鄰近色、互補(bǔ)色、同類色、對(duì)比色來(lái)選出次要色彩和輔助色彩。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MqcadgIkSoKukKxOGWNcChwVntf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NuOidyqomoeWu8xY1incSbinn9c"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":528,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"色彩運(yùn)用","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c5af210c3a434a41ba44480bce150be6","width":720},"text":"","id":"SmKgdc0aQoKSqwxUtl3cHzx8nVb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"H4WgdmWAwosOQkxMvTacDVr5nKg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、單色調(diào)搭配","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MwSCdW02coOcSux2H18cESZanXc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"以一個(gè)色相作為整個(gè)室內(nèi)色彩的主調(diào)，可以取得寧?kù)o、安祥的效果，在進(jìn)行單色調(diào)搭配時(shí)，要注意通過(guò)明度和亮度的變化，加強(qiáng)對(duì)比，也可適當(dāng)加入黑白無(wú)彩色作為必要的調(diào)劑，讓空間更加和諧。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YIYwdoS64okA06xcFrPcikM5nRh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":421,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"色彩運(yùn)用","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1e33b0ab455e4082a411b9a25448eeea","width":720},"text":"","id":"WKyGda6aqogeUUxotMtc1AT2nae"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、相似色調(diào)搭配","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BKmed28GGo04mqxCUyWc93A1ncg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"相似色調(diào)搭配是通過(guò)同類色和鄰近色，在色環(huán)上選出二三種互相接近的顏色，如黃，橙、橙紅，藍(lán)，藍(lán)紫、紫等，呈現(xiàn)比較柔和的質(zhì)感，并調(diào)動(dòng)明度純度的比例對(duì)比，來(lái)達(dá)到高級(jí)質(zhì)感配色。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TQ6Gdiowwoaicmx8udZcsVOQnfc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":540,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"色彩運(yùn)用","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9892ed0feca643ba9185149ce87088d0","width":720},"text":"","id":"CqsOd6Oi6oeKOkxOooscPdTBnUb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、互補(bǔ)色調(diào)搭配","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BSo0dWgu8oo04OxCaokc4a31ndq"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"互補(bǔ)色調(diào)也可以叫作對(duì)比色調(diào)，通過(guò)色環(huán)上的兩個(gè)互補(bǔ)色，如青與橙、紅與綠、黃與紫，進(jìn)行配色。在搭配時(shí)要避免1:1等比配色，并通過(guò)降低明度和亮度柔和色彩過(guò)強(qiáng)的對(duì)比效果，使其變“灰”而獲得平靜高級(jí)的效果。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Tu6wdicM0oAKgqxmEMWcylUknsf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":540,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"色彩運(yùn)用","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f1b90d7f39904f3c85c776be8a45ff7a","width":720},"text":"","id":"MeKodUYOwoOUsWxcF3pc7AJgnKe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、無(wú)彩色調(diào)搭配 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IwiMd6Ie6oMi42xIfG9cZZflnog"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"全屋使用由黑、灰、白色組成的無(wú)彩系搭配，是一種非常高級(jí)的色彩搭配形式，非常平靜素雅。在室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)中，粉白色、米色、灰白色以及每種高明度色相，也可以認(rèn)為是無(wú)彩色。 ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"K82md0M4KoOCKQxqgJwc7FIKneh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":516,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"色彩運(yùn)用","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/ecb38ff0da2f4214aaf80f42b59c9007","width":720},"text":"","id":"BiMwdQiIAo48kkxs9CGcEO2gnPe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":" ","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"CAD基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QA8wdUIGAo8gCoxiYPxc1nutnbE"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"學(xué)習(xí)ＣＡＤ要先學(xué)習(xí)工具，只有把工具學(xué)會(huì)了，在做室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)的時(shí)候才可以靈活畫出圖紙。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MoeMdYuCiomiWgx0yHjcKljanPh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"下面我先簡(jiǎn)單介紹下工具使用的方法，如果想要更詳細(xì)的課程可以看下視頻課程。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DWeadsIcaoSCIix0S5PcFJu5nbf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"CAD教程之基本工具的使用：","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/av843683899/"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/av843683899/","id":""}],"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"L2EadGkCyoqG0kxwxSFcG0L1nAg"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"工具的使用","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QsiEdK4Kuom8IIxCwW0cOhKQnze"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"AutoCAD軟件具有操作簡(jiǎn)單、功能強(qiáng)大等特點(diǎn)，它已被廣泛應(yīng)用于設(shè)計(jì)領(lǐng)域，學(xué)習(xí)AutoCAD也是學(xué)習(xí)室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)最基礎(chǔ)的步驟。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"K800doQyCoqQkmxCg6Ucq6Osnff"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"初學(xué)CAD需要了解操作界面的布局，只有了解軟件的界面布局，才能方便地與他人交流，才可以領(lǐng)會(huì)各種教程和技巧，在操作時(shí)迅速地找到目標(biāo)功能。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"R4KmdEw0AoQOIsxIVrBckDdhnKg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"不同版本的CAD界面基本類似，在低版本的AUTOCAD 2007中，使用的是傳統(tǒng)的菜單、工具欄界面，如下圖所示。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Zy6MdqSGOoAy2exKKQMcLTTIncp"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":589,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"工具的使用","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b63c9f79f4fd42cda9c5855d5f25494c","width":947},"text":"","id":"YukKdgEsgo0gEOxiKsAc8Hr1n2c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"后期版本，CAD中改成了跟OFFICE軟件新版一樣的RIBBON功能面板界面，如下圖所示。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EakAdy6y6oSWeGxmavEcipADnHf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":694,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"工具的使用","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/df73853d0df7478ebd912a26bb03927c","width":1319},"text":"","id":"YeUcdEkOMoaWuuxW6VWcV9s7nSc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"其實(shí)兩種界面并沒(méi)有太大的差別，命令面板只是用圖標(biāo)按鈕替換了舊版的菜單項(xiàng)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SUwSdkUscoagI4xYvOjcEhkVnnh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"訪問(wèn)工具欄","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JaGUdq0m6oyoCmxmmtPclPZdnHb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"工具欄放置了一些最基礎(chǔ)、也是頻率比較高的功能，如打開(kāi)、保存、打印等，方便用戶隨時(shí)快速調(diào)用這些功能，可以根據(jù)需要自定義快速訪問(wèn)工具欄，將自己最常用的功能添加到工具欄中。點(diǎn)后面的下拉箭頭，可以顯示一個(gè)菜單，可以在頂部勾選要顯示在快速訪問(wèn)工具欄中的命令，也可以點(diǎn)“更多命令....”添加其他命令，如下圖所示。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WAMQdoo2YooWiWxK8TKcyLCanKh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":551,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"訪問(wèn)工具欄","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/caf69ddfa77d46beba26d0b93697ba80","width":445},"text":"","id":"IMsmdeSagouQWCxYtTwck71Bn9c"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"功能區(qū)選項(xiàng)卡","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ma20dC048oe22UxIJdmcDjIEnCc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"放置各種工具圖標(biāo)，用于調(diào)用CAD的繪圖、編輯、管理等各種功能，根據(jù)功能使用頻率和作用分類組成了默認(rèn)、插入、注釋、管理等一系列選型卡，每個(gè)選項(xiàng)卡由一系列功能面板組成。單擊標(biāo)簽可以切換到不同的選項(xiàng)卡，對(duì)于初學(xué)者來(lái)說(shuō)，“默認(rèn)”選項(xiàng)卡下的功能基本就夠用了。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Hs4mdCOKwoc0GwxsLSycZIi1nhd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"功能面板","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TASGdeqAGoCI20xgxVDclME4ntc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"選項(xiàng)卡由一系列功能面板組合而成，例如默認(rèn)選項(xiàng)卡會(huì)包括繪圖、修改、圖層、注釋、塊、特性等一系列命令面板組成，每個(gè)面板則由功能圖標(biāo)組成，圖標(biāo)有大有小，一些重要或常用功能被設(shè)置成大圖標(biāo)，其他圖標(biāo)設(shè)置成小圖標(biāo)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PcqOdcGwGoCmQAxIXghcxRvVnQe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"文件標(biāo)簽欄","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Q2iWdIUecouMMYxMRuicaJ2lnph"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"顯示文件的名稱，當(dāng)打開(kāi)多個(gè)圖紙文件時(shí)，可以通過(guò)單擊文件標(biāo)簽欄的名字切換圖紙，也可以通過(guò)在標(biāo)簽上右鍵，保存、關(guān)閉圖紙。浩辰CAD2008版就有這個(gè)功能了，AutoCAD 2014上版本才有這個(gè)功能。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LyIud42CeooCUGxOQHvcAMoXnde"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"圖形窗口","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BiYAdsC6qoCq4CxCuVuc0A9LnHe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"創(chuàng)建、顯示和編輯圖形的區(qū)域，說(shuō)簡(jiǎn)單點(diǎn)就是我們畫圖的地方。CAD的圖形窗口提供了一個(gè)虛擬的三維空間，理論上無(wú)限大，也可以無(wú)限小，我們可以在這個(gè)空間繪制平面圖形或創(chuàng)建三維模型。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Fio4dA26Yoq2Gexya8NcD32wn2f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"命令歷史","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KaqkdI0esoqQeUxgFaHcnhexn0g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"命令行窗口的一部分，用于顯示命令執(zhí)行的歷史，初學(xué)者可以通過(guò)拖動(dòng)上邊界增加顯示的行數(shù)，注意觀察命令的提示和執(zhí)行過(guò)程，有助于我們更快地掌握CAD命令，如下圖所示。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VI6KdqKQYoe8oExwlC4c8o64nKh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":221,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"命令歷史","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a489d61277e547a48b9377a484358585","width":696},"text":"","id":"RikKdaiksoKeuwxygNicQ1U6nDd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"命令行","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OymEdWyqWokgwsxWWmDcVJMjnvc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"跟WORD、PS等常用軟件不同，CAD軟件可以通過(guò)輸入命令名或簡(jiǎn)化命令（命令別名）來(lái)執(zhí)行所有命令，命令還有參數(shù)和提示來(lái)引導(dǎo)我們完成后面的操作。剛開(kāi)始我們可能不記得命令，會(huì)在功能區(qū)中點(diǎn)圖標(biāo)來(lái)執(zhí)行命令，此時(shí)也要注意看命令行的提示，它可以引導(dǎo)我們完成命令，并且可以更清楚了解命令的參數(shù)和變化。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JCwsdA4yso228gxAZXhc8dMvnfd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在CAD高版本還增加了“自動(dòng)完成”的功能，當(dāng)我們輸入字母的時(shí)候會(huì)顯示相關(guān)的命令，如果我們不記得完整命令名的時(shí)候通過(guò)輸入一兩個(gè)字母就可以找到我們需要的命令，如下圖所示。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UYmEdIKkqo4sckxQvelcRiaSnfe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":439,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"命令行","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7daffb78cee04726b04b1d7ef8f8b8f9","width":780},"text":"","id":"EeIudIgscoiqe6x0GPJc6JCCnIf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"命令歷史和命令行是一個(gè)整體，叫命令行窗口，通常固定到底部，也可以拖動(dòng)成浮動(dòng)狀態(tài)或放到頂部，也可以關(guān)閉，用CTRL+9可以打開(kāi)和關(guān)閉命令行。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RUyAdk2SMocMesx6ZbQcYMcYnTb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"模型布局標(biāo)簽","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JsK2duQ08oesGoxgr7XcsqFDnsf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"CAD分模型空間和布局空間，通常模型空間用來(lái)畫圖，布局空間用來(lái)排圖打印。布局涉及的概念比較多，初學(xué)者可以暫時(shí)不用管，后面還會(huì)詳細(xì)介紹。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"S2Ckd2aEEo2w26xQ2CEcg1q1nI6"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"狀態(tài)欄","id":""}],"text":"","id":"S62GdM6qooeYUMxaomScGcQRnOb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"狀態(tài)欄可以顯示當(dāng)前光標(biāo)的坐標(biāo)，然后還有一些常用的繪圖輔助工具，例如捕捉、極軸、柵格等，通過(guò)狀態(tài)欄可以快速開(kāi)關(guān)這些工具，此外，還有一些功能性按鈕。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DQc2dKSuCoiKkgxS091cVlftnnd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"低版本狀態(tài)欄按鈕比較少，可以切換成文字顯示，高版本狀態(tài)欄圖標(biāo)太多，很多功能我們平時(shí)可能用不上，可以自己關(guān)掉一些，如下圖所示。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KcIsdgCgioCUCgxnBVMcMYrCnyj"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":823,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"狀態(tài)欄","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/880d947d8ee7474f865cc01cd2396298","width":189},"text":"","id":"HuEMd8ccyoUiK2xaE2ucieJ4nsb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":" ","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KiQmdi6iIoYmICxYpjFczaV5nVe"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"特性面板（屬性框）","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V8QYdCCu2okOMUxmoGjcd9bnnTb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"CAD還有一些重要的界面控件，例如特性面板、圖層特性等等，有些我們后面會(huì)專門介紹，這里首先要說(shuō)一下特性面板。用特性面板可以查看和編輯圖形的一些參數(shù)和特性，對(duì)于大家鏈接圖形很有幫助。特性面板可以根據(jù)需要打開(kāi)關(guān)閉，快捷鍵是CTRL+1，有時(shí)雙擊一些圖形也會(huì)打開(kāi)特性面板，如下圖所示。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LC0ydW6mIoA6iyxkPrAcsYewnEP"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":613,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"特性面板（屬性框）","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/39960cf4848440899bfc74f6213b8597","width":726},"text":"","id":"HAwSdgc8EoCmgQxYHEcc203Lnod"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"我們可以看到一個(gè)圓除了幾何圖形的參數(shù)，如圓心坐標(biāo)、半徑、周長(zhǎng)、面積扥高以外，上面還有一些常規(guī)特性，如顏色、圖層、線型、線寬等常規(guī)特性，這些特性都是CAD賦予圖形的一些特性，這些特性可以方便我們更好地管理和打印圖形，這些常規(guī)特性的作用是學(xué)習(xí)CAD必須要掌握的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Womwd8kYmoO006xUfyXcYFTbnZb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"CAD常用功能","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FcI4d0aYIoaowyxMjiXc6oYnnFr"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"常用CTRL，ALT快捷鍵","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LoiWdGwEEoAsCwxmQmucurWFnDd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"ALT+TK 如快速選擇","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TUAOd840goIwIQxItLvcTgaCnPe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"ALT+NL 線性標(biāo)注 ALT+VV4 快速創(chuàng)建四個(gè)視口","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AU86dgEcqoAO8MxMFejcmk6inMd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"ALT+MUP提取輪廓","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JIModUk6ao2Gg8xfBQfcG3mWncU"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Ctrl+B: 柵格捕捉模式控制(F9)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"K8O8dgAWgok4iwxa4XhcdheNnMc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Ctrl+C: 將選擇的對(duì)象復(fù)制到剪切板上","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PgkcdigcWoOiCAxKq5DcjhsHnmg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Ctrl+F: 控制是否實(shí)現(xiàn)對(duì)象自動(dòng)捕捉(F3)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"D6SidYuksoQMggxucXOcFZ5jnyb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Ctrl+G: 柵格顯示模式控制(F7)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"X6QGdy600owcOGxWcNHchjxznWY"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Ctrl+J: 重復(fù)執(zhí)行上一步命令","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AOoAdAWGGoKoUaxoFc9cjw4zneh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Ctrl+K: 超級(jí)鏈接","id":""}],"text":"","id":"A8YqdAAY0oqa8sxQfS4c0r5JnLg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Ctrl+N: 新建圖形文件","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Zmm4d2cSYoa4c2xai9Tcw1rUnkc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Ctrl+M: 打開(kāi)選項(xiàng)對(duì)話框","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PcIgdOUiIo6Mugx1LiDciRv4nqO"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Ctrl+O：打開(kāi)圖象文件","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SOsQdSQUWoW8cWxoj9XcNsN7nJd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Ctrl+P：打開(kāi)打印對(duì)話框","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DEsgdQgsOocGusxIru2cRb9Tnvg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Ctrl+S：保存文件","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Gm8CdQkgmosYIaxsDQicOC0xnRc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Ctrl+U：極軸模式控制(F10)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DEeSd6S2co4aSyxyumecn4TlnZg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Ctrl+v：粘貼剪貼板上的內(nèi)容","id":""}],"text":"","id":"I6Q2dOOWOo06oQx2mU6cj3Oxnmb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Ctrl+W：對(duì)象追 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陣列(array)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZUIUdaGkOoK6KIxGoLFclXMKnZg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"AP：加載*lsp","id":""},{"type":"text","text":"程系","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OGG4d2m8EoSoEcxS8h8chGXBnCc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"AV：打開(kāi)視圖對(duì)話框(dsviewer)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XY2adOIGAookuCxcXGacZg63n7e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"SE：打開(kāi)對(duì)象自動(dòng)捕捉對(duì)話框","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LI4OdKs62oCW2KxCSp8crP3Zncf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"ST：打開(kāi)字體設(shè)置對(duì)話框(style)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GKEud4wiWoK4UoxMPhjcOI9Gn6L"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"SO：繪制二圍面( 2d solid)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RAM0dyq8Ko2Go0xY7Nqc6tSBnff"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"SP：拼音的校核(spell)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KAgkdeM6qoMOM2xsXuFcFGdpnBd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"SC：縮放比例 (scale)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MygEdq6wcoy6soxQzoOcv1oTnug"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"SN：柵格捕捉模式設(shè)置(snap)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"P0wEd4W46oQcA6x8jHYcMGdzn6d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"DT：文本的設(shè)置(dtext)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MoGSdSGSOoSqGkxCyXKc3BgPnph"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"DI：測(cè)量?jī)牲c(diǎn)間的距離","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FOWGdmmIeomw46xwWCtczFHznkb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"OI：插入外部對(duì)象","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AeAOdCoKIosEyOxWcKFcvEmankb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"LE：引線標(biāo)注","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ACQadoQOGomMSGxQNfic4Drzn4g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"ST：?jiǎn)涡形谋据斎?#34;,"id":""}],"text":"","id":"Hogcdu4Yco4Q8axcvYkcXRPJnoe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"La：圖層管理器","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Fc8Id6e4IoY8sSxADW1c6SSVnze"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"繪圖命令","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CEsQd04SKo6e6gxop29cOs2EnQc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"A：繪圓弧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"T2WmdkQ4mokqsmxGAX9c02K9nwb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"B：定義塊","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PYcwdu0Ico2og6xkhOycgUW3nxb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"C：畫圓","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AIqQdiCkuow2MYxWuAacV5O4nAg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"D：尺寸資源管理器","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZUKEdGMEAoOKWoxkjgycZPTynQg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"E：刪除","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Be48dKKyioeq2ix8liEcNuhqnle"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"F：倒圓角","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EwiKdI0sYoaoG2xqUYmcYsm8n7E"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"G：對(duì)象組合","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LY0udYkWio44AAxIlbQclgxvnBf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"H：填充","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TwcgdGyM8oSi0mxerLYcUPV1nCc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"I：插入","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HASqdiki2oU620x4CRocmN5vnMc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"J：對(duì)接","id":""}],"text":"","id":"F2yad66Oao84UOxWaL4cjIRmnWv"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"S：拉伸","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WYCEd6Uoyo0u2Cxi1vScGWpXndW"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"T：多行文本輸入","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VW8SdE4QCoKQi0xuoCHcYzUUnTg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"W：定義塊并保存到硬盤中","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ygu2d6UEeoe4CqxUZoKcJyjwnzg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"L：直線","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YsUedyOqgoY6EaxU5VDcVatFnQh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"M：移動(dòng)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GoSadK8Aaom0s6xcfc4cyAsJn6c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"X：炸開(kāi)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TMeodQKMMo0kucxArYUcPGM3nNe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"V：設(shè)置當(dāng)前坐標(biāo)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"X64ydsaEAoouWQxkzAFcxIGqn1d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"U：恢復(fù)上一次操作","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WGYkdQSS4oEYeQxu8hrc6Vn7n1g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"O：偏移","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MEQad0gsKoo6KqxW2DEc6zVUnBb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"P：移動(dòng)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WOuGd6mgsoAmcCx8QmPcuE6fnsc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Z：縮放","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EWCudEImUosiKsxgb5QcPwGXnac"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"提高效率技巧","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QqkMdkqOio82WmxoBuMclFFfntd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、作圖步驟：設(shè)置圖幅→設(shè)置單位及精度→建立若干圖層→設(shè)置對(duì)象樣式→開(kāi)始繪圖。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YQi4dI46ooWGuWxMZGlc3OIBnxe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、繪圖始終使用1：1比例。為改變圖樣的大小，可以在打印時(shí)于圖紙空間內(nèi)設(shè)置不同的打印比例。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"F8UId8Icko4uKyxK2mfctXvynPh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、為不同類型的圖元對(duì)象設(shè)置不同的圖層、顏色及線寬，而圖元對(duì)的顏色、線型及線寬都應(yīng)由圖層控制(LAYER)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TCc2duwU2oIasGx299Gc4D7Nnwe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、需精確繪圖時(shí)，可使用柵格捕捉功能，并將柵格捕捉間距設(shè)為適當(dāng)?shù)臄?shù)值。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BwK4dmIouo6AmOxoTvHcbePfnzf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、不要將圖框和圖形繪在同一幅圖中，應(yīng)在布局(LAYOUT)中將圖框按塊插入，然后打印出圖。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NCOIduIKCogw4OxMFi4cTSLAnPe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、對(duì)于有名對(duì)象，如視圖、圖層、圖塊、線型、文字樣式、打印樣式等，命名時(shí)不僅要簡(jiǎn)明，而且要遵循一定的規(guī)律，以便于查找和使用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LCKkdEiW6oaeM4xVRH6cPQPhnEr"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、將一些常用設(shè)置，如圖層、標(biāo)注樣式、文字樣式、柵格捕捉等內(nèi)容設(shè)置在一圖形模板文件中(即另存為*.DWF)，以后繪制新圖時(shí)，可以創(chuàng)建新圖形向?qū)е袉螕簟笆褂媚０濉眮?lái)打開(kāi)它，并開(kāi)始繪圖。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"J6q8di4uSoqA0kxICf7c65Nrn04"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"下面是一些實(shí)戰(zhàn)練習(xí)的圖紙案例，大家可以看看。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"F4cWdOeYYooICUxFYHFcrI8vnpo"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":660,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"提高效率技巧","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/786feb36166745b9aea7346cfae3093a","width":1135},"text":"","id":"LsOMd6UgQoMoagxCa6Kcgfxgnyc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":564,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"提高效率技巧","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/763212f116614df3a5a80a06f1e44eba","width":982},"text":"","id":"BKyad04aMoaCSKxCzH1c0V0DndF"}],"text":"","id":"BaaAdW2mIoY8yIx8HHUcenS5nWc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BaaAdW2mIoY8yIx8HHUcenS5nWc"},{"type":"imageList","children":[{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":735,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"提高效率技巧","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/173a5c11167f40c9a4b17f2e9ca3d85f","width":1181},"text":"","id":"SoE0dkMyGo4YI6xo3QVcjFMYnFg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":672,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"提高效率技巧","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b95eac5cd58b4dd2907de47f4cce0415","width":1134},"text":"","id":"X6kwdiemIo4aQKxg7r8ck6k9nub"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":672,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"提高效率技巧","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b95eac5cd58b4dd2907de47f4cce0415","width":1134},"text":"","id":"X6kwdiemIo4aQKxg7r8ck6k9nub"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":721,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"提高效率技巧","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/99acb2eb8c7c4fda93ebcca755372037","width":899},"text":"","id":"H0c6dOoeGom6I6xYzIzcyShOngf"}],"text":"","id":"AImmdoiyyoa8UKxIDercEwgWnag"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AImmdoiyyoa8UKxIDercEwgWnag"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":736,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"提高效率技巧","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/12bfb6182f0b4f7081291472256d661f","width":1074},"text":"","id":"HsGKdiwMKoOawyxgzPFcT8Myn4e"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"3ds max基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"F0eUduSmIougGYxMvj7cbdCmnaf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3dmax是一款專業(yè)的三維建模工具，它功能繁多，所有操作都可以在界面中找到。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AYkkdy6MOoKE0QxyExpcflernKg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"打開(kāi)3dmax后，我們可以看到它的界面主要包括【菜單欄】、【主工具欄】、【功能區(qū)】、【視口】、【狀態(tài)欄控件】、【動(dòng)畫控件】、【命令面板】、【時(shí)間尺】、【視口導(dǎo)航】、【場(chǎng)景資源管理器】10大部分，如圖所示。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WyCGdeS4ooQWkaxIHescsGHonge"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":444,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"3ds max基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/46f3f1f0716d414f9828228ab2f96941","width":946},"text":"","id":"RK8Qd2IAWoyWI0xK2Secz0qTnef"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"各部分介紹如下","id":""}],"text":"","id":"H60Ydkwamo0YeGxIF5DcpqQGnrf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"①菜單欄：很多功能都在菜單欄中，可以執(zhí)行相應(yīng)的操作。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CsoMdWECSogg2WxG4Wdcq2C9nbe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"②主工具欄：提供3dmax中許多最常用的命令。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LKIudC4ksoocAWxSAsXc492Bnyd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"③功能區(qū)：包含一組工具，可用于建模、繪制到場(chǎng)景中以及添加人物。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FemmdmaI2oA2wux8DvucDsOun5c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"④視口：可從多個(gè)角度顯示場(chǎng)景，并預(yù)覽照明、陰影、景深和其他效果。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ui6AdmmWooUwy6xwCYVcDayanUH"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"⑤狀態(tài)欄控件：顯示場(chǎng)景和活動(dòng)命令的提示和狀態(tài)信息。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CoWidKW42omG4Gxewijca5WCnne"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"⑥動(dòng)畫控件：可以創(chuàng)建動(dòng)畫，并在視口內(nèi)播放動(dòng)畫。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NWUOdM46ioQUA6xkn8AcdmpAn1f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"⑦命令面板：可以訪問(wèn)提供創(chuàng)建和修改幾何體、添加燈光、控制動(dòng)畫等功能的工具。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UUMUd4sY0o4SCSxGqGVcPilVnVd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"⑧時(shí)間尺：可拖動(dòng)時(shí)間尺，查看動(dòng)畫效果。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NMqgd6iymoqsG4xsvGbccj27nsg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"⑨視口導(dǎo)航：使用這些按鈕可以在活動(dòng)視口中導(dǎo)航場(chǎng)景。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RSiIdA8OAoSy02xwdp4cZSQbnMc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"⑩場(chǎng)景資源管理器：可以在該管理器中對(duì)不同的對(duì)象進(jìn)行管理。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V0I0dYmCaoccQExsn0ncPC58nIh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"菜單欄","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TWMkdW2yoo6aS6xg9aEcA8dBnNb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"菜單欄位于窗口的最上方，每個(gè)菜單的標(biāo)題表明該菜單上命令的用途。菜單欄中主要包含14個(gè)菜單項(xiàng)，分別為【文件】、【編輯】、【工具】、【組】、【視圖】、【創(chuàng)建】、【修改器】、【動(dòng)畫】、【圖形編輯器】、【渲染】、【Civil View】、【自定義】、【腳本】、【幫助】，如圖所示。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ci6cdGYguoUkyQx4cRxcBV9EnBe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":89,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"菜單欄","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fafa5261d241413d88a38dce5827c9a6","width":858},"text":"","id":"FCeOd8MmIoMmkixyqYtcEYjhnVd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、【文件】菜單","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HS4sdsKWioC4uoxIBBUc4I6Nnze"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在【文件】菜單中，會(huì)出現(xiàn)很多操作文件的命令，包括【新建】、【重置】、【打開(kāi)】、【保存】、【另存為】、【導(dǎo)入】、【導(dǎo)出】等命令。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VceOdUYMoom0G8x89D3cQ8LCn3e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、【編輯】菜單","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YASgdWsWgouOGixsxt2cgfyXnMg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在【編輯】菜單中可以對(duì)文件進(jìn)行編輯操作，如【撤銷】、【重做】、【暫存】、【取回】、【刪除】、【克隆】、【移動(dòng)】、【旋轉(zhuǎn)】、【縮放】等命令。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"U8kKdEGkAoWiWCxIN57cRqehnTg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、【工具】菜單","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UUIadco4koE0WYxKYedcaQTZnKc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在【工具】菜單可以對(duì)對(duì)象進(jìn)行常用操作，如【鏡像】、【陣列】、【對(duì)齊】等，更方便的方式是在主工具欄中創(chuàng)建。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RCsSdgmW8o0MWyx2XtccITBwnIh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":783,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"菜單欄","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/7deed8b7b5244a5dabfc84a605b1cebf","width":1075},"text":"","id":"KiuEdycE0o00yGx257QcTHD7nFf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、【組】菜單","id":""}],"text":"","id":"M6a4dsqyyokgiQxINTBc0WsLnEg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【組】菜單中的命令可將多個(gè)物體組在一起，還可以解組、打開(kāi)組等操作。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VigEdIA6QoaAKcx4B7EcsWmnn9g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、【視圖】菜單","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XE2SdQOwWokQWkxWiotcaPqSnLg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【視圖】菜單中的命令用來(lái)控制視圖的顯示方式以及視圖的相關(guān)參數(shù)設(shè)置。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GIqYdqOaGoiO2OxgpApcyukPnFe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、【創(chuàng)建】菜單","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Z4MEdMKQQo0Oc6x2vrac1Bnkn3e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在【創(chuàng)建】菜單中可以創(chuàng)建模型、燈光、粒子等對(duì)象，更方便的方式是在【創(chuàng)建面板】中創(chuàng)建。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"P4Ucdee4mouKsaxUrJ5c3UjxnIc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":817,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"菜單欄","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c57e0d87c5b743f7ab82f2cf3eb16934","width":997},"text":"","id":"IgyGdwIm6oUQ4Gx026scpWSnnXf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、【修改器】菜單","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XEuedOU8io6sWAxqUzXcU2y5nah"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在【修改器】菜單中可為對(duì)象添加修改器，更方便的方式是在【修改面板】中添加修改器。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VS0SdQAogoAOYQxmKVWc3YSrnuf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8、【動(dòng)畫】菜單","id":""}],"text":"","id":"S8UAdIukeoCoamxiGWQchx6RnRb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【動(dòng)畫】菜單主要用來(lái)制作動(dòng)畫，包括正向動(dòng)力學(xué)、反向動(dòng)力學(xué)、骨骼的創(chuàng)建和修改等命令。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"P0iodg6SCoMecKxEhdzcyk4anBb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"9、【圖形編輯器】菜單","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Xc2OdGkwCoMwKSxe2iwcjyHLnQd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【圖形編輯器】菜單是3dmax中以圖形可視化功能的集合，包括【軌跡視圖-曲線編輯器】、【軌跡視圖-攝影表】、【新建圖解視圖】等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MAuAdk862oGYOAxyMfucvBQFnTh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":887,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"菜單欄","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/eaedf6fcc2554179a7bd479939f468e0","width":1363},"text":"","id":"C2kWdWK2UoS6WuxgH7rcAUMnnwd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"10、【渲染】菜單","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DQumdm4cso2wEyxQRapcx27gnTl"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在【渲染】菜單中可以使用與渲染相關(guān)的功能，如【渲染】【渲染設(shè)置】【環(huán)境】等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WWoAdUeKaoqKqcxo5DMcmgKPnjc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"11、【Civil View】菜單","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TKsgdi4IAoQ6e0xMH3oc9MHfnXf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【Civil View】菜單是一款供土木工程師和交通運(yùn)輸基礎(chǔ)設(shè)施規(guī)劃人員使用的可視化工具。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZAoGdg488oyQEoxhaaYct89rnLq"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"12、【自定義】菜單","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BwaYd280YooUq0xYbe4cWn3TnOg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【自定義】菜單用來(lái)更改用戶界面或系統(tǒng)設(shè)置。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QCqedCescoWWGExIxT9cntQXnse"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":730,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"菜單欄","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/9015fe477c6340a7bf82feb701a1edff","width":1101},"text":"","id":"P2CSdUaMUoicySxMfjpcrCJ3nEc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"13、【腳本】菜單","id":""}],"text":"","id":"X6gsd00iGo0EwWx4NDGcY55wnSh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在【腳本】菜單中可以進(jìn)行語(yǔ)言設(shè)計(jì)，包括新建腳本、打開(kāi)腳本、運(yùn)行腳本等命令。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"R4MadgMY2o6YO8xYRt1cGb7ynne"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"14、【幫助】菜單","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HsU2dSUOwog0GoxCuPocOyZ3npb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在【幫助】菜單中可以學(xué)習(xí)3dmax的幫助文件、了解新版本功能、搜索3dmax命令等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ES2Edya0mo2su8xTvThcCwiZnqe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":575,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"菜單欄","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/d5a338bdf9934b44a4e7f5ce2461fc90","width":1008},"text":"","id":"BW0sduomAoo42Sxq4mJc0L2sn4d"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"主工具欄","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Q06GdymU2o6uEGx6XejczpuHncf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"主工具欄中包括了很多3dmax中用于執(zhí)行常見(jiàn)任務(wù)的工具和對(duì)話框，主工具欄位于主窗口的菜單欄下面，這些工具按鈕按照具體功能，大致可以劃分為11大類。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QSMad8cuGo62KWxmgMEcTPbAnId"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、撤銷和重做工具","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZckcdosoCoeq8sxs9g2cnBIGnGg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在3dmax中操作失誤時(shí)，可以單擊撤消向前返回上一步操作（快捷鍵為Ctrl+Z），也可單擊重做向后返回一步。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UYa8dG0UsoCm2Uxw3Abcdgq2nyp"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、鏈接綁定類工具","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FcGwdowSsowyycx4jxScSi3dn35"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"鏈接綁定類工具包括3個(gè)，分別為【選擇并鏈接】工具、【斷開(kāi)當(dāng)前選擇鏈接】工具、【綁定到空間扭曲】工具。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ma2WdoGCmo0SimxeeV0c1X2inje"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【選擇并鏈接】工具用于鏈接對(duì)象和對(duì)象之間的父子關(guān)系，鏈接后的子模型會(huì)跟隨父模型進(jìn)行移動(dòng)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"W8c6dgOguomaEQxj2KXca3WLnqr"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【斷開(kāi)當(dāng)前選擇鏈接】工具與【選擇并鏈接】工具的作用恰好相反，可斷開(kāi)鏈接好的父子關(guān)系。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NISSduKWwoQMG2xGikrcFXyQngg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【綁定到空間扭曲】工具可以將粒子與空間扭曲之間進(jìn)行綁定。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BaIOdwoK6okWuQxkN8bcXKZBnFc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、對(duì)象選擇類工具","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Lg0adu0eOoOEmwxoDv2cdWSNn7d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"對(duì)象選擇類工具可以使用更合適的選擇方式選擇對(duì)象。對(duì)象選擇類工具包括5個(gè)，分別為【過(guò)濾器】、【選擇對(duì)象】工具、【按名稱選擇】按鈕、【選擇區(qū)域】工具、【窗口/交叉】工具。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZQ62doi2moMwYixmC9wcjL8ynQc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"使用【過(guò)濾器】可以只允許選擇一類對(duì)象（例如燈光對(duì)象），不容易操作出錯(cuò)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JKYudo4m2oKkagxQVcIc4NPynpb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【選擇對(duì)象】工具主要用于選擇一個(gè)或多個(gè)對(duì)象，按住Ctrl鍵可以進(jìn)行加選，按住Alt鍵可以進(jìn)行減選。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Hkeqdqu6AoumQMxMBE1ch06lnFh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"單擊【按名稱選擇】按鈕會(huì)彈出【從場(chǎng)景選擇】對(duì)話框，在該對(duì)話框中可以按名稱選擇所需要的對(duì)象。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KUGqdKWqSo8ikcxuq7ScKDIbnrh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"選擇區(qū)域工具包含5種模式，分別是【矩形選擇區(qū)域】工具、【圓形選擇區(qū)域】工具、【圍欄選擇區(qū)域】工具、【套索選擇區(qū)域】工具和【繪制選擇區(qū)域】工具?？梢允褂貌煌倪x擇區(qū)域形狀進(jìn)行選擇對(duì)象。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"T8qwdMcO4oiOIgx0uJNcATsbnZc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【窗口/交叉】工具用于設(shè)置在框選對(duì)象時(shí)，是以哪種方式選擇。其中當(dāng)【窗口/交叉】工具處于突出狀態(tài)（即未激活狀態(tài)）時(shí)，只要選擇的區(qū)域碰到對(duì)象，即可被選擇。當(dāng)【窗口/交叉】工具處于凹陷狀態(tài)（即激活狀態(tài)）時(shí)，選擇的區(qū)域必須完全覆蓋對(duì)象，才可被選擇。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WOEgdU8K8oqUWYxYtNtcd4hlnFh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、對(duì)象操作類工具","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KKIodiC8OoSgcmxY9kxcIQUGnLe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"對(duì)象操作類工具可以對(duì)對(duì)象進(jìn)行基本操作，如移動(dòng)、選擇、縮放等，是一些非常常用的工具。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XKyydA0MeoO2SUxgHjecDrlKnub"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"使用【選擇并旋轉(zhuǎn)】工具可以沿X、Y、Z三個(gè)軸向的任意軸向旋轉(zhuǎn)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Yeikdo0uKoMqMAxCcxtcnEllnKb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【選擇并縮放】工具包含3種，分別是【選擇并均勻縮放】工具、【選擇并非均勻縮放】工具和【選擇并擠壓】工具。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RYoMdGk0uoe0UCx4hhPcVhj4nhh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"使用【選擇并放置】工具可將一個(gè)對(duì)象準(zhǔn)確地放到另一個(gè)對(duì)象的表面，例如把凳子放在地上。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XSe0dOsEQoaCAixoD6pc6putnmb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【參考坐標(biāo)系】可以用來(lái)指定變換操作（如移動(dòng)、旋轉(zhuǎn)、縮放等）所使用的坐標(biāo)系統(tǒng)，包括視圖、屏幕、世界、父對(duì)象、局部、萬(wàn)向、柵格、工作區(qū)、局部對(duì)齊和拾取10種坐標(biāo)系。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZIs2dcGAuoYUmux4nNwc4W4Gn7Q"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【軸點(diǎn)中心】工具包含【使用軸點(diǎn)中心】工具、【使用選擇中心】工具和【使用變換坐標(biāo)中心】工具3種，使用這些工具可以設(shè)置模型的軸點(diǎn)中心位置。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OscWdGk80oGie6xM1Xac2X9Tn1e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"使用【選擇并操縱】工具可以在視圖中通過(guò)使用拖曳【操縱器】來(lái)編輯修改器、控制器和某些對(duì)象的參數(shù)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Gcs2d2GioogGw2xAncScRfwMn8e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"使用【鍵盤快捷鍵覆蓋切換】工具可以在只使用“主用戶界面”快捷鍵和同時(shí)使用主快捷鍵和組（如編輯/可編輯網(wǎng)格、軌跡視圖、NURBS等）快捷鍵之間進(jìn)行切換。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WQmcd2sEsog0cuxYNebcKnYhnfc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、精準(zhǔn)類工具","id":""}],"text":"","id":"H00WdKsU4oIWKsxg1dCcOB6BnRc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"精準(zhǔn)類工具可以使模型在創(chuàng)建時(shí)更準(zhǔn)確，包括捕捉開(kāi)關(guān)、角度捕捉切換、百分比捕捉切換、微調(diào)器捕捉切換。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GEuudiI8uoAmyWxwpcocxbw4nNh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【捕捉開(kāi)關(guān)】工具包括【2D捕捉】工具、【2.5D捕捉】工具和【3D捕捉】工具3種。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"M2Cmd6MegoykosxLSBucreSLnEV"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【角度捕捉切換】工具可以用來(lái)指定捕捉的角度（快捷鍵為A鍵）。激活該工具后，角度捕捉將影響所有的旋轉(zhuǎn)變換，在默認(rèn)狀態(tài)下以5°為增量進(jìn)行旋轉(zhuǎn)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RUEqdMO2moki2ixUdiYc7RbFnae"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【百分比捕捉切換】工具可以將對(duì)象縮放捕捉到自定的百分比（快捷鍵為Shift+Ctrl+P），在縮放狀態(tài)下，默認(rèn)每次的縮放百分比為10%。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DMmmdumskouy8mxuWTlcJcRanSh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【微調(diào)器捕捉切換】工具可以用來(lái)設(shè)置微調(diào)器單次單擊的增加值或減少值。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KQgid2KYcoo2UkxsYKFcs6ulnjb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"6、選擇集類工具","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UWOId4COeo224AxKAK0cVHOfn0e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"選擇集類工具包括【管理選擇集】工具和【創(chuàng)建選擇集】工具。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CqwUdWGYuo0IQ4xgtRacv2Zvnvc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【管理選擇集】工具可以為單個(gè)或多個(gè)對(duì)象進(jìn)行命名。選中一個(gè)對(duì)象后，單擊【管理選擇集】按鈕可以打開(kāi)【命名選擇集】對(duì)話框，在該對(duì)話框中就可以為選擇的對(duì)象進(jìn)行命名。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QkCqdgQ2eowkumxk12PcPQIpnth"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【管理選擇集】工具，并單擊【創(chuàng)建新集】工具后即可創(chuàng)建新集，此時(shí)可以單擊該工具選擇集，如圖所示。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V0Agd4IICo2SqixAXYBcMUEjnJd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"7、鏡像對(duì)齊類工具","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C4kodGiK2oEymcxfsQZc5ihAnMg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"鏡像對(duì)齊類工具包括【鏡像】工具和【對(duì)齊】工具，這兩個(gè)工具是比較常用的，可以準(zhǔn)確的復(fù)制和對(duì)齊模型。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UeuKdQGiyoqq6Ux4ukOceMebnFb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"使用【鏡像】工具可以圍繞一個(gè)軸心鏡像出一個(gè)或多個(gè)副本對(duì)象。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"M6U2daAwAoSa08xOEj2cyE3ynIb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"對(duì)齊工具可以使兩個(gè)對(duì)象按照一定的方式對(duì)齊位置。鼠標(biāo)左鍵長(zhǎng)按【對(duì)齊】工具，對(duì)齊工具包括6種類型，分別是【對(duì)齊】工具、【快速對(duì)齊】工具、【法線對(duì)齊】工具、【放置高光】工具、【對(duì)齊攝影機(jī)】工具和【對(duì)齊到視圖】工具。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CmyOdcSmWocSm2xo7FlcSSFJnjb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【快速對(duì)齊】方式可以立即將當(dāng)前選擇對(duì)象的位置與目標(biāo)對(duì)象的位置進(jìn)行對(duì)齊。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Sagkd8Sg4o8eMKxY15HcFwfwn5b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【法線對(duì)齊】基于每個(gè)對(duì)象的面或是以選擇的法線方向來(lái)對(duì)齊兩個(gè)對(duì)象。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"G0GQdCcuooMmmsxAxBacXKeznzd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【放置高光】方式可以將燈光或?qū)ο髮?duì)齊到另一個(gè)對(duì)象，以便可以精確定位其高光或反射。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FigEdsuEcoAqCMxeifBcS2D0nle"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【對(duì)齊攝影機(jī)】方式可以將攝影機(jī)與選定的面法線進(jìn)行對(duì)齊。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Wc0qdo8sco4Ksmxg0yhc8jFSnKz"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【對(duì)齊到視圖】方式可以將對(duì)象或子對(duì)象的局部軸與當(dāng)前視圖進(jìn)行對(duì)齊。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NaySdOcySowsicxmST7cZbAwnsh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"8、資源管理器類工具","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Yy0WdAmOyoq0uexKA7ZcGUPjn4b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"資源管理器類工具包括【切換場(chǎng)景資源管理器】工具和【切換層資源管理器】工具，分別可以對(duì)場(chǎng)景資源和層資源進(jìn)行管理操作。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WG26dSyc2oiYQuxsn8tcqaxynDf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【切換場(chǎng)景資源管理器】工具中可以查看、排序、過(guò)濾和選擇對(duì)象，還提供了其他功能，用于重命名、刪除、隱藏和凍結(jié)對(duì)象、創(chuàng)建和修改對(duì)象層次以及編輯對(duì)象屬性。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VgO6dSq40o6cIYxWcDXck4E9nEb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"tex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p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b1dc6044420a4bd5a9cb9c2d2f974421","width":805},"text":"","id":"Icemd20aQoui0WxYvOkcInAEnAc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"迷你偵聽(tīng)器：用于MAXScript語(yǔ)言的交互翻譯器，它與DOS命令提示窗口類似。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZwCQdOs4IoEIG2xAzW6cmvf0n6e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"狀態(tài)欄：此處可顯示選中了幾個(gè)對(duì)象。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CamgdOMyCo02wGxcPigcx6mqnHh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"提示行：此處會(huì)提示我們將如何操作當(dāng)前使用的工具。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Wa82dewAqo0iMkxi2Ugco537nyb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"孤立當(dāng)前選擇切換：?jiǎn)螕粼摪粹o將只選擇該對(duì)象。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SWywduKemosqCmxqxLqcX4gDnSu"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"選擇鎖定切換：?jiǎn)螕粼摪粹o可以鎖定該對(duì)象，此時(shí)其他對(duì)象將無(wú)法選擇。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XieCdsICqoewCWxUHNXcMMTanXh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"絕對(duì)模式變換輸入：?jiǎn)螕艨汕袚Q絕對(duì)模式變換輸入或偏移模式變換輸入。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BimSdy60mokqiyxYXmacfGcznze"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"相對(duì)/絕對(duì)變換輸入：可在此處的X、Y、Z后方輸入數(shù)值。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IIGgdCGwUo2G4AxsT6acXqBqnid"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"自適應(yīng)降級(jí)：?jiǎn)⒂迷摴ぞ撸诓僮鲌?chǎng)景時(shí)會(huì)更流暢。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KAcCdYIWeogscMxGGp7cBgTenoc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"柵格：此處顯示柵格數(shù)值。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Jw42duOokoO8A4x8nfTc5qjMnsd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"時(shí)間標(biāo)記：?jiǎn)螕艨梢蕴砑雍途庉嫎?biāo)記。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"U06ydouaeoOoEOxCaaJcb2RJntb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"動(dòng)畫控件","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OI0Kdme4goq2UKxWMT1cEwbNnfe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"動(dòng)畫控件位于狀態(tài)欄的右側(cè)，這些按鈕主要用來(lái)控制動(dòng)畫的播放效果，包括關(guān)鍵點(diǎn)控制和時(shí)間控制等，如圖所示。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TaaGdAS6iow04Ux8JspcDP2XnCe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":446,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"動(dòng)畫控件","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/28740afa80164e1f8425272fdb9312cd","width":843},"text":"","id":"AWiMdwKo8oEmyuxiqiNciO4knlh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"命令面板","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GOqUdiUsUoecmqxc9mlc325bnvh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"命令面板由6個(gè)用戶界面面板組成，使用這些面板可以找到3dmax的大多數(shù)建模功能，以及一些動(dòng)畫功能、顯示選擇和其他工具，3dmax每次只有一個(gè)面板可見(jiàn)。6個(gè)面板分別為【創(chuàng)建】面板、【修改】面板、【層次】面板、【運(yùn)動(dòng)】面板、【顯示】面板和【實(shí)用程序】面板，如圖所示。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KS8Mdg4e4oCu8Ox0ehHct9xqnFf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":390,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"命令面板","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c8c3122b2c3f4689985a9c955c06fbc7","width":634},"text":"","id":"USeEdoyoyokGmOxmw2ZczRnvnKh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"進(jìn)入【創(chuàng)建】面板，其中包括7種對(duì)象，分別是【幾何體】、【圖形】、【燈光】、【攝影機(jī)】、【輔助對(duì)象】、【空間扭曲】和【系統(tǒng)】，如圖所示。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"L66wdoIiIoeqisxum7McpKGQnsd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":178,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"命令面板","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2339ee8491284ce681755bd93ba05244","width":415},"text":"","id":"DI4SdwWyqoMWeKxKUg4cpKBpnpe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"幾何體：用來(lái)創(chuàng)建幾何體模型，如長(zhǎng)方體、球體等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ACWKdUcmAoCgkoxDlILc5T8nnlw"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"圖形：用來(lái)創(chuàng)建樣條線和NURBS曲線，如線、圓、矩形等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SyiAdECcAocy6Kx0N9bcoZAKnnb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"燈光：用來(lái)創(chuàng)建場(chǎng)景中的燈光，如目標(biāo)燈光、泛光燈。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QkUGdCSmkoQeqcx0UkKckbBdnfe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"攝影機(jī)：用來(lái)創(chuàng)建場(chǎng)景中的攝影機(jī)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Peawd8o2io2I0oxglkMcAJ8onsd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"輔助對(duì)象：用來(lái)創(chuàng)建有助于場(chǎng)景制作的輔助對(duì)象。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Tm8md2oMyoW2gyxItZncxERmnCg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"空間扭曲：用來(lái)創(chuàng)建空間扭曲對(duì)象，常搭配粒子使用。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"F8Wkd4gUQoegU4xqmObcBjA0nQh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"系統(tǒng)：用來(lái)創(chuàng)建系統(tǒng)工具，如骨骼、環(huán)形陣列等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"W0qud8koKoquOkxGyrAcK0MTnoc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【修改】面板用于修改對(duì)象的參數(shù)，還可以為對(duì)象添加修改器。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"P0OAd0eeSoY6iixAZ79cjGKJn9e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"【層次】面板中可以訪問(wèn)調(diào)整對(duì)象間層次鏈接的工具，通過(guò)將一個(gè)對(duì)象與另一個(gè)對(duì)象相鏈接，可以創(chuàng)建對(duì)象之間的父子關(guān)系，包括【軸】、【IK】和【鏈接信息】3種工具。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PayUdU2QcomkWExUXXOcaTiEnKg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":651,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"命令面板","id":""}],"url":"htt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max快捷鍵","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BsQyd8KOcoyMsExwl4ic3f98n47"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"顯示降級(jí)適配(開(kāi)關(guān)) 【O】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DgwsdSMSAoAM26x8If8cbwt5njc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"適應(yīng)透視圖格點(diǎn) 【Shift】+【Ctrl】+【A】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"WCoGdSaWSom0kex2ergco1MSn6t"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"排列 【Alt】+【A】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EEqCd8suWoWwoMxKUj9c7G9jnkc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"角度捕捉(開(kāi)關(guān)) 【A】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"J6iOd6YuqoCwkqx75pcc0Ismnbh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"動(dòng)畫模式 (開(kāi)關(guān)) 【N】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"D6YwdI4Kqosq8WxWGKYcB0kVnQg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"改變到后視圖 【K】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PGmYdiaCgoWCMSxQnWscdHv6nLg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"背景鎖定(開(kāi)關(guān)) 【Alt】+【Ctrl】+【B】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Eg4edSaMio684KxoDpScg0QGn9g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"前一時(shí)間單位 【.】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"L20udCqeYoCuECx8r16chgWQnhh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"改變到上(Top)視圖 【T】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZGeudeMq2oUgKWxA3X6c2ZvNnuf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"改變到底(Bottom)視圖 【B】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KiCYdcSg0oeYaexCmbPcSmf6nbf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"改變到相機(jī)(Camera)視圖 【C】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"H6YCdmwa2oAqo4x4ITfcoytEnFe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"改變到前(Front)視圖 【F】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ScOIdoiCEoCgSexEnjBcrV6WnVc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"改變到等大的用戶(User)視圖 【U】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Q0mSdSm2KoA0gMxe8zic27XVn6g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"改變到右(Right)視圖 【R】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TOWqdk8KMoGwGcxomp0cXqMAn3E"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"改變到透視(Perspective)圖 【P】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Nce2dioiUoQW2exMBXcck4jdnSb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"循環(huán)改變選擇方式 【Ctrl】+【F】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FMySd2sAWoUCQexua5ncfRjrn8d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"默認(rèn)燈光(開(kāi)關(guān)) 【Ctrl】+【L】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"K0iedIqwwooGgOxYDn5ctSlznJc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"刪除物體 【DEL】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NYsAd4KWYoKg6IxCCX3cuys9nsd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"當(dāng)前視圖暫時(shí)失效 【D】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TIQMdW6sOoqw2ixWQ4nc1DUcnDc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"是否顯示幾何體內(nèi)框(開(kāi)關(guān)) 【Ctrl】+【E】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"G4gid4EmIoKaGAxk9yKcgCr7n4f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"顯示第一個(gè)工具條 【Alt】+【1】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AQMKd6aamocSyWxw1HhcE2JYnEe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"專家模式棿佑(開(kāi)關(guān)) 【Ctrl】+【X】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"By4MdkSCAow6MyxyctgcGLUGnRh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"暫存(Hold)場(chǎng)景 【Alt】+【Ctrl】+【H】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RgAUdYgmwoMEaUxEHL2cTXJLnAh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"取回(Fetch)場(chǎng)景 【Alt】+【Ctrl】+【F】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QOSAdASoYoy8OKxC6PFcQ39wn1b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"凍結(jié)所選物體 【6】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JQ2edemg0oa6UYxOa4sccBSlnTb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"跳到第一幀 【HOME】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"C2aQdkeCmoueSixsr48c9IFyneg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"顯示/隱藏相機(jī)(Cameras) 【Shift】+【C】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LCCudSUaCoY2WWxeIc4cPm00nDc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"顯示/隱藏幾何體(Geometry) 【Shift】+【O】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TmCydaWMao6SG2x2VQFcBctmnwd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"顯示/隱藏網(wǎng)格(Grids) 【G】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ZmAgdGCAEoi2g8xkWPSc1RF6nfb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"顯示/隱藏幫助(Helpers)物體 【Shift】+【H】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"J4MQdCAGUoEqm2xawUGcloMfn4b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"顯示/隱藏光源(Lights) 【Shift】+【L】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CYgOdw2mCo2A0OxY9XJcdOTcnRb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"顯示/隱藏粒子系統(tǒng)(Particle Systems) 【Shift】+【P】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RGMQdke4CoSccuxE7ADc2q8onnf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"顯示/隱藏空間扭曲(Space Warps)物體 【Shift】+【W(wǎng)】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PaaQdu8YeokYcgxNQ6tcgKVenFE"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"鎖定用戶界面(開(kāi)關(guān)) 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數(shù)字鍵盤【1】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EoUAdQUicoqOcexEHtPcgksrnof"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"虛擬視圖向下移動(dòng) 數(shù)字鍵盤【2】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"J4KUdiaUAoqYssxEnljcqI33nae"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"虛擬視圖向左移動(dòng) 數(shù)字鍵盤【4】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"B6GKdWKOeowiCqxmEK5cx3E4nL1"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"虛擬視圖向右移動(dòng) 數(shù)字鍵盤【6】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BsCUdesCsoGUIKxSoGUchKVOnkg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"虛擬視圖向中移動(dòng) 數(shù)字鍵盤【8】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LCYQdOCacoGssExqAlxcUulinzg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"虛擬視圖放大 數(shù)字鍵盤【7】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Le8CdUMMIoyskIxkZvTci1sxnUd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"虛擬視圖縮小 數(shù)字鍵盤【9】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LWmgdmcGEoWGI0xuKR5cD71knuf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"實(shí)色顯示場(chǎng)景中的幾何體(開(kāi)關(guān)) 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【E】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VYUudMkGkoi00ox0oANcI3dHnQs"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"編輯區(qū)域模式 【F3】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"T2A2doY06oW4GExpKS3cRqIYnGR"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"編輯時(shí)間模式 【F2】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FmEcdO04OoaggcxkMb6cDbTznPt"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"展開(kāi)對(duì)象(Object)切換 【O】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FW2adMwoAoSmcgxS0FWcGzzXndd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"展開(kāi)軌跡(Track)切換 【T】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"F2ecdC04soSKuOxOI9gcnT1Mnud"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"函數(shù)(Function)曲線模式 【F5】或【F】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"T0U4daUogoyysWxaO0rcsCuZn2e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"鎖定所選物體 【空格】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XeIKdw4oQoUWEuxMAe9c9JtxnEC"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"向上移動(dòng)高亮顯示 【↓】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"L0y2dqQqCoYE8UxEJgec2aGinNg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"向左輕移關(guān)鍵幀 【←】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LEoMdK2MaosgYcxW65qcs1mwnGg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"向右輕移關(guān)鍵幀 【→】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RG0UdUckQoMKAWx3pSWc8aWTnqU"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"位置區(qū)域模式 【F4】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OykmdcIcmoEIcUxumJlcOSfRnFg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"回到上一場(chǎng)景*作 【Ctrl】+【A】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EksedKsO0omiqUx8WtMc8gmXn3o"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"撤消場(chǎng)景*作 【Ctrl】+【Z】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Ew8CdiOOkoYSiqxYBJDc7IhbnSh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"用前一次的配置進(jìn)行渲染 【F9】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JSuMdmmYioQqkyxsjuSc2q0gnde"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"渲染配置 【F10】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KO4KdIwCqooGeCxg7OYcXngpnFg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"向下收攏 【Ctrl】+【↓】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"FEEcdauSIoKWMyxwfa8cEiE3n6r"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"向上收攏 【Ctrl】+【↑】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VmwWdiuGmoAGs8xuQY1cS2kIn4f"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"材質(zhì)編輯器","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DgyQdU6y4oQicixCmSCcxdQQnPB"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"用前一次的配置進(jìn)行渲染 【F9】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PgOQdIWmuo0o8Gx2N2qcvo0PnWm"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"渲染配置 【F10】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Sg6UdWMi2o0oUixY3jeciQ5lnBd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"撤消場(chǎng)景*作 【Ctrl】+【Z】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"R44QdOWKKoIsiIxEDXrcx3QTnub"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"示意(Schematic)視圖","id":""}],"text":"","id":"IGKkdGMGGoe6yixwDJgc75KZnHe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"下一時(shí)間單位 【\u003e;】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Fk2YdoWG2oKK62xKwuVcBALbnTh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"前一時(shí)間單位 【\u003c;】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"E6q4dsMImomcuUx8zvLcqUyXnse"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"回到上一場(chǎng)景*作 【Ctrl】+【A】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SwWYdgMqEoMQgcxXKEiccRicnFQ"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"繪制(Draw)區(qū)域 【D】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"F4iOdou4UoMiwWxuMWRclwYunHh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"渲染(Render) 【R】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TA0MdEkmUoI6cixUB4TcxBVRnng"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"鎖定工具欄(泊塢窗) 【空格】","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UmS0dmUMyoka84x8dcmcKQNTnbd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"草圖大師基礎(chǔ)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YoCsdUGsyoES66x6cW5cFBFgnmb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"sketchup是一款主要面向室內(nèi)外、園林等設(shè)計(jì)的三維設(shè)計(jì)軟件，也常常被廣大的設(shè)計(jì)師朋友們稱為草圖大師，因?yàn)橄鄬?duì)于其他3d模型來(lái)說(shuō)精細(xì)程度上的確是有一些差距，但是也是一款比較直觀、靈活，易用的軟件。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CESWdyoQoookkcxMhQQcPpBOnrc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":3},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"軟件基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JKCUdwcCmoWSa6xEP3BcxybGnfe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"我們想要掌握一款軟件，那么軟件的基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)的掌握比較重要。比如說(shuō)sketchup軟件的基礎(chǔ)工具，命令操作步驟。sketchup的基礎(chǔ)工具主要是包括，二維的繪圖工具，有畫直線，矩形，圓，圓弧，多邊形和手繪線等，然后是模型的編輯工具移動(dòng)，旋轉(zhuǎn)，縮放，推拉，路徑跟隨，偏移復(fù)制等。編輯工具是構(gòu)建模型的常用命令。接著就是相關(guān)的測(cè)量工具和視圖查看工具，最后就是導(dǎo)人視和剖面相關(guān)的命令。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"P8Uydo4ScokSomxgXLBcgy9rnzf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"下面是關(guān)于“環(huán)繞觀察”是使用：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TMOed2GUqoEoMuxm4B3cOuW4nPh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"打開(kāi)一個(gè)SketchUp文件，點(diǎn)按工具欄，環(huán)繞觀察命令，在界面按下鼠標(biāo)左鍵拖動(dòng)可以實(shí)現(xiàn)環(huán)繞觀察。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XCecdI6kUo4u4IxiSkdclOhUnme"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":567,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"軟件基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/6cb72215c91c41a8b65aa1758d1fada0","width":782},"text":"","id":"MS4YdC46aoO0sax6zKpcjMJdntG"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"第2步，在其他工具下，如果想進(jìn)行環(huán)繞觀察，可以按下鼠標(biāo)中間并拖動(dòng)界面上下左右拖動(dòng)，同樣也可以實(shí)現(xiàn)環(huán)繞觀察。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"KeUqdSWu8oGC24xn6xhcwSBCnrU"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":544,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"軟件基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/a5fac375c70e4d638d7f2aecca544115","width":772},"text":"","id":"UwsQdkwGkoemacxbQFTcGxBWnHF"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"第3步居中顯示，在任意工具下，單擊鼠標(biāo)滾輪，都可以讓點(diǎn)擊位置居中顯示。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XgokdOIouoUyUaxyOuJc4iyZn9f"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":527,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"軟件基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4bfbf51613c847a9bbff890909651baa","width":898},"text":"","id":"POUWdqUMSo8Yw8xsvgucwxn9nVc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"第4步，點(diǎn)按工具欄上的手型，也就是平移工具，然后在界面上按下鼠標(biāo)左鍵拖動(dòng)物體或畫布，可以實(shí)現(xiàn)畫布的平移。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HqsadaCWQoS686x0kcxcjG35n3e"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":644,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"軟件基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/efed0134749244ca9e6c145b50b74f12","width":790},"text":"","id":"F0Ewd8GUWoWCI2xCO9Ccsusxnbh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"第5步，在其他工具下，按下shift并按下鼠標(biāo)中鍵拖動(dòng)物體或畫布，也可以實(shí)現(xiàn)畫布的平移。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EG06dGemQoq8cyxio5AcP2hjnkg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":609,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"軟件基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1720cfcd2f0f46f985fc01173e46244b","width":734},"text":"","id":"XwwKdsa0woGCWCxuUO3c7yACnIb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"第6步，按下縮放工具后，在界面上按下鼠標(biāo)左鍵，向上拖動(dòng)放大顯示界面，向下拖動(dòng)會(huì)縮減顯示界面，也可以通過(guò)向前或者向后滾動(dòng)滾輪的方法實(shí)現(xiàn)該功能。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JUGkdgyuQoaCO2xUHl2cbylCnLd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":518,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"軟件基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b0b06510846a45cd8d974293fd5846b2","width":755},"text":"","id":"Qcuodu4i8oKo8UxEVypcNJSVnde"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"第7步，點(diǎn)按縮放范圍會(huì)讓界面中所有物體充滿整個(gè)界面，該功能的快捷鍵是ctrl+shift+e或者另一個(gè)快捷鍵shift+z也可以實(shí)現(xiàn)該功能。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QwymdAmaOoqsQgxcrnWczAGyntb"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":612,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"軟件基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/30aaa53d1c2b48ad83bab1eca8af5517","width":840},"text":"","id":"UqeGdYOIwoOGmox46rgcrMJXnDe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"第8步，這兩個(gè)命令是向前或者向后恢復(fù)視圖。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"HQwCdg8SqoecQIxKs29c8ETvnKd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":513,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"軟件基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4090aabba8da484ea21335ab60b915f9","width":842},"text":"","id":"EEACd8o6so0gcYxOCmKcuArinvg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"詳細(xì)的sketchup的基礎(chǔ)工具介紹大家可以看看視頻教程：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"F8QIdaGCOouOiSxwsbAcfBMRnTo"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"Sketchup基礎(chǔ)工具【入門必備】：","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1ze411T7K9/"},"children":[{"type":"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Max 2020實(shí)用教程》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AkuWdWuuKoEky0x4JZ0cm4m2n9g"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":604,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"學(xué)習(xí)資料推薦","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/c4b2470b246d4b04aef8cfa7e328d6d3","width":646},"text":"","id":"GW2YdUoeWocoaqx2Xlhc4orOnlf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《3ds Max 2020+VRay效果圖制作從入門到精通》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PmsEdwOSOoy0MSxqg35csBelnGd"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":579,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"學(xué)習(xí)資料推薦","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/b7f21a5f6555490787388b1b6efecaa6","width":712},"text":"","id":"V2M4dwK42oyaECx4HEscHbAtnkf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"《室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)精品集》集中了全國(guó)各地眾多室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)師在近兩年所設(shè)計(jì)完成的優(yōu)秀作品，涉及到住宅室內(nèi)空間的各種類型，其中包括普通住宅、獨(dú)立別墅、豪華公寓及各類樣板間等。這些作品設(shè)計(jì)新穎、風(fēng)格各異，有很多已經(jīng)成為國(guó)內(nèi)住宅室內(nèi)空間設(shè)計(jì)的樣板方案。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BMSEdCIUCoGCeWxSOVTcL1JXnWf"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":575,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"學(xué)習(xí)資料推薦","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2e6a56d83f794763ad82ced246dca36d","width":609},"text":"","id":"JQeCdCucyooSmGxuq11c3Ir1noh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)過(guò)程","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UCcQd8coeoSysExA9Ksc9YsVnYb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)的過(guò)程分為三個(gè)階段，策劃階段、方案階段、施工圖階段。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"TWmUds86go0ggmxyMR7cUgIcnTf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"策劃階段","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XcGsd4uKyow0EsxuGLecgU1Incf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、由甲方或業(yè)主提出要求，比如使用功能、經(jīng)營(yíng)理念、風(fēng)格樣式、投資費(fèi)用等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PSgQdGI4SoEmM0xOIT0cGBzan1e"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、需要現(xiàn)場(chǎng)勘測(cè)，收集原始土建圖紙資料。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BSW0d0w44oq4OIxWotAcyZ29neg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、由設(shè)計(jì)師與業(yè)主共同設(shè)計(jì)概念草圖，草圖需要反映功能、空間、技術(shù)、設(shè)計(jì)形式等方面。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UksedEgISoQowkxItBQc3Jl6nYc"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"方案階段","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CyOqdcsoioauOMxu4N0cFf2Yn2c"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、在概念草圖的基礎(chǔ)上，深入設(shè)計(jì)，進(jìn)行方案的分析和比較，比如功能分析、交通流線分析、空間使用情況分析、裝修材料的比較選擇。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NUigdoYM8o4cqexcv8bcAFgInph"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、與土建和裝修的前后銜接，圖紙需要設(shè)計(jì)承重結(jié)構(gòu)、設(shè)施管道等。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"BoeIdIsWsoMksAx6AObc1tSWnPI"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"施工圖階段","id":""}],"text":"","id":"B44odmimOoU0m4xIDX0cLM5ynAc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、裝修施工圖","id":""}],"text":"","id":"O8EWdSoEEomwAKxG2xAch9fvngd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"①設(shè)計(jì)說(shuō)明、工程材料做法表、飾面材料分類表、裝修門窗表；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Bs0Gd6cEwoeEwWxlfMucqLh2nwV"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"②隔墻定位平面圖、平面布置圖、鋪地平面圖、天花布置圖、放大平面圖；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SEiudqSYgoa8ocxA3h9cgTJsnYd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"③立面圖、剖面圖","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NWG8d2uikoESC0xolDscWkERnPb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"④大樣圖、詳圖","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PKCidsykwomoa4xOypLcPUvTnLb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、設(shè)備施工圖","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SsO0deqoaoUoWSx2lUMcHruOn4b"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"①給排水：系統(tǒng)、給排水布置、消防噴淋；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Xo8Cde2owooYSQxEbXic3xhBn0g"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"②電氣：強(qiáng)電系統(tǒng)、燈具走線、開(kāi)關(guān)插座、弱電系統(tǒng)、消防照明、消防監(jiān)控；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QeyudoQIKoEi8QxIh5CcYCJVnJe"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"③暖通：系統(tǒng)、空調(diào)布置","id":""}],"text":"","id":"M0UqdUuaeoEGEAxKsErc0E9Rn3f"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)風(fēng)格","id":""}],"text":"","id":"YcKOd6q66oiUUqxodCUccXnAngd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"現(xiàn)代風(fēng)格","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VcUodUiUioQy8CxspPXcoHhVnMb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"現(xiàn)代風(fēng)格以流線型為主要設(shè)計(jì)，這種風(fēng)格以平滑的表面，精心選擇的家具以及中性或黑白配色的前衛(wèi)藝術(shù)品聞名。現(xiàn)代主義的室內(nèi)通常被稱作“超現(xiàn)代空間”，采用木材、大理石和金屬等的簡(jiǎn)單材料，與配色鮮明大膽的墻飾、照明燈具以及重要家具形成對(duì)比。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DwISd0yiqo2UUgxgJQbcO6mInXg"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":489,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"現(xiàn)代風(fēng)格","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/1df868fb262149348a30e84b26be2f5f","width":805},"text":"","id":"I4cmdyIO2ogcCKxWAn0ckjnRnNh"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"工業(yè)風(fēng)格","id":""}],"text":"","id":"RikAdgWOWoGiGIxmaplc6taMnVd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"工業(yè)風(fēng)的設(shè)計(jì)靈感來(lái)源于工廠的翻新，工業(yè)風(fēng)的設(shè)計(jì)以其質(zhì)樸的哲學(xué)理念而聞名，即暴露管線、磚塊、混凝土墻面和梁等建筑構(gòu)件，這種室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)風(fēng)格通常還伴隨著中性的色調(diào)，和混合著質(zhì)樸材料的家具以及吊頂照明，與粗獷的空間形成對(duì)比。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EaG2dk4KOoio8wx21Dockm50nWh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":476,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"工業(yè)風(fēng)格","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/2e1d33e7c0114db7ad23984f10d610dd","width":784},"text":"","id":"MWsAdG6yGoSyk8x4tv5ceyy3n9g"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"北歐風(fēng)格","id":""}],"text":"","id":"CoEWdWwgaoy4YsxwXRNcyaHXnpc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"這種風(fēng)格在簡(jiǎn)潔的線條、簡(jiǎn)單實(shí)用的家具和充足的自然光中進(jìn)一步被強(qiáng)調(diào)。此外在配色上，我們常見(jiàn)到全白的餐廳中置有黑色的雕塑或者黑白照片，它們創(chuàng)造一種出微妙而大膽的感覺(jué)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"QwwKd4OEKokky4xOKgxcsgKinUe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":479,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"北歐風(fēng)格","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/eaf177bea07d4c0f9d5c5bb81404204d","width":776},"text":"","id":"Gqq2dguEioYy6exkboscNRBPnxd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"日式北歐融合","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NM04dIWI2oG6uoxEpi8cqXWWnIf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"自然材料的使用與光滑線條、溫暖色調(diào)的平衡是現(xiàn)代日式美學(xué)的一大特點(diǎn)，與之不同的是，北歐風(fēng)的室內(nèi)色調(diào)以黑白灰為主，偶爾有中性色調(diào)以及金屬點(diǎn)綴?，F(xiàn)代日式與北歐設(shè)計(jì)結(jié)合，就形成了經(jīng)典的美學(xué)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Soq0di8m8ogKicxqaQfcJlrNnPe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":477,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"日式北歐融合","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/8d88e97ace9244af89db793246523084","width":780},"text":"","id":"QMMsdYywWokgaAxMLJhcmiWNnSf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"復(fù)古風(fēng)格","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GEY8dyIYYoYEY8xwvnec05Iqnrh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"隨著審美的發(fā)展，設(shè)計(jì)師需要在當(dāng)代環(huán)境下重新構(gòu)思舊風(fēng)格，這種復(fù)古潮流一般是從20世紀(jì)下半葉中找尋靈感，常以明艷的色調(diào)、大膽的幾何圖案、花哨的裝修或者中古家具的形式出現(xiàn)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"O2y2d8cs8oKG2ixkrymcOtTSnVe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":482,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"復(fù)古風(fēng)格","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fe4c226c6eed46d38ffe1ddbe06ec26f","width":784},"text":"","id":"Ow4GdCGuYogOIwxqMVTcvGybnvd"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"地中海風(fēng)格","id":""}],"text":"","id":"V44cdqgOeoIm4sxIZflcV8aLnid"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"地中海風(fēng)的設(shè)計(jì)以淺色而溫暖的色調(diào)為特征，與藍(lán)色和綠色形成對(duì)比，代表了陽(yáng)光、海洋與郁郁蔥蔥的種植園。天然材料，如陶瓷、木材、纖維和鍛鐵的大量使用也常見(jiàn)于這類項(xiàng)目，此外還有裝飾瓷磚表現(xiàn)地中海國(guó)家的植物群以及自然光。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Lc68dei0Yo0KMsxeStmclt9Cnhe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":495,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"地中海風(fēng)格","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/f6429ff606f9492bb9a1abd74c9b42c1","width":793},"text":"","id":"POkWdicG0oOqKaxSqbscOwDTnZf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"極簡(jiǎn)主義設(shè)計(jì)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"PASkd0kAyoWgmox4Oi6c1xbRnfb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"極簡(jiǎn)主義的室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)使用最基本的物品來(lái)構(gòu)建簡(jiǎn)單而干凈的空間。它的特點(diǎn)是單色、功能性強(qiáng)、缺乏裝飾和線條簡(jiǎn)潔，體現(xiàn)了“少即是多”的主張。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"K6WOdMUqMoWYgux4ctjcfG3Bn6c"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":539,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"極簡(jiǎn)主義設(shè)計(jì)","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/fd5acd32027247689d5dc7ea0ad5f0b2","width":789},"text":"","id":"VygIdkUoooK6u4xIzGmcNL8ZnWf"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"中式復(fù)古風(fēng)格","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LuWIdoMGOo4WOKxy2VRcUriKnPg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"中式復(fù)古風(fēng)格是通過(guò)一些中式的裝飾，裝修出一種清雅高尚的風(fēng)格。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EiMEdCgiOosoqgxuqbLcdrGtnHh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"中式裝修在選材上也很是講究，因?yàn)檫@是體現(xiàn)中式風(fēng)格的一個(gè)重點(diǎn)部分，大家通常使用原木棕色來(lái)裝修房屋，這樣既溫馨自然，也能充分的利用中式裝修的古典元素。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"LWsMd42sUoegy4x02xRcjuq5nbb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"在裝飾品方面，最好都有中國(guó)元素在里面，像是屏風(fēng)、山水畫就是不錯(cuò)的選擇，還可以加入一些盆栽，使屋內(nèi)更加自然、漂亮。而且中國(guó)也非常講究房屋的布局，講究對(duì)稱美，中式布局就是即使很小的空間也留有足夠的空間供人活動(dòng)。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"GEQ4dSSE2oGcKCxI56zcqOlAnHh"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":564,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"中式復(fù)古風(fēng)格","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/4ad2bdd556274dd98c40232796c06a10","width":906},"text":"","id":"JiCSdECmuoeIUSxADEQclHMnnce"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"新中式風(fēng)格","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MGcsd4a4goSwm2x4x5cccmY0nBg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"新中式風(fēng)格講究空間的層次感與跳躍感。在需要隔絕視線的地方,則使用中式的屏風(fēng)、窗欞、中式木門、工藝隔斷、簡(jiǎn)約化的中式“博古架”等。通過(guò)這種新的分隔方式,單元式住宅就展現(xiàn)出中式家居的層次之美。再配以一些簡(jiǎn)約的造型為基礎(chǔ),添加了中式元素,使整體空間更加豐富,大而不空、厚而不重,有格調(diào)又不顯壓抑。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"O0Yyd4KYAoEoEkxgtt1cSPNKnHc"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":481,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"新中式風(fēng)格","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/64d7e46795084777b59435f280b5f812","width":777},"text":"","id":"LiIYdEoiSoiC2GxKw0lcQKYwnAb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":2},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"簡(jiǎn)約中式風(fēng)格","id":""}],"text":"","id":"VsugdKmEgoUaYkxE7NocJXeTnFb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"中式簡(jiǎn)約裝修風(fēng)格整體兼有傳統(tǒng)中式風(fēng)格和現(xiàn)代簡(jiǎn)約風(fēng)格之間，不會(huì)有中式那種沉悶，也不會(huì)有簡(jiǎn)約那種飄逸。沉穩(wěn)大方是，不奢華，又不失品味。每一個(gè)房間，甚至在每一個(gè)角落都在簡(jiǎn)單的中式元素運(yùn)用中沉淀出中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)文化的魅力。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"NAEUdKKMUoUGkgxq0KlcSImInOe"},{"type":"image","attrs":{"height":586,"note":[{"type":"text","text":"簡(jiǎn)約中式風(fēng)格","id":""}],"url":"https://p3.douyinpic.com/large/tos-cn-i-qvj2lq49k0/806e795cd556407cbef5700743b1c22d","width":1003},"text":"","id":"R02Odky4moWAq0xbbn3cgIuOnnM"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)原則","id":""}],"text":"","id":"MwGGdGagGoCqWqx6WFScbcY6nkf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、 整體性設(shè)計(jì)原則：保證室內(nèi)空間協(xié)調(diào)一致的美感；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"EOMQdUYccosCcqxo3MLc0g9Bnxf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、 功能性設(shè)計(jì)原則：空間的使用功能如布局，界面裝飾、陳設(shè)和環(huán)境氣氛與功能統(tǒng)一；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"G0y2dYgmooSu4yxuQ82c7fwZnRh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、 審美性設(shè)計(jì)原則：通過(guò)形，色、質(zhì)、聲、光等形式語(yǔ)言體現(xiàn)室內(nèi)空間美感；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"SgE0dskKOos4SSxkTotcmaE0nxh"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、 技術(shù)性設(shè)計(jì)原則：一是比例尺度關(guān)系；二是材料應(yīng)用和施工配合的關(guān)系；","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Kca2d2AoQoawAqxMF82cmPaJnrd"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"5、 經(jīng)濟(jì)性設(shè)計(jì)原則：以最小的消耗達(dá) 到所需目的。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Q44SdqqIeoykoUxQb8icmnZBnJb"},{"type":"heading","attrs":{"level":1},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"學(xué)習(xí)資料推薦","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DGkWdKemsoqseAxv44VcGuaWnCC"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"學(xué)習(xí)室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)需要購(gòu)買一些專門的學(xué)習(xí)教材，然后再配合視頻教程系統(tǒng)學(xué)習(xí)，這樣才能學(xué)的比較好。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Akc8dmq2qoymS0xATksc8snun7d"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"教材：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"P6sUd2SmMo0ciCxe6sFczresnGf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"1、《色彩構(gòu)成》","id":""}],"text":"","id":"JOYkd6yKmo2GWyxYRcDcr4J5nNc"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"2、《設(shè)計(jì)準(zhǔn)則:成為自己的室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)師》作者：伊萊恩·格里芬","id":""}],"text":"","id":"OOsudaaQQoGq8Kx2tg1cT4BFnld"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"本書內(nèi)容:這本書講述了許多不同的思維方式和習(xí)慣，不斷地挑戰(zhàn)你既定的認(rèn)知。她分享了專業(yè)設(shè)計(jì)師設(shè)計(jì)每個(gè)房間用到的設(shè)計(jì)原則、尺寸、比例和道理，這些秘密很難在實(shí)踐中學(xué)會(huì)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Fec6duW4woEisaxoFg9cyaHCnDb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"3、《室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)師專用協(xié)調(diào)色搭配手冊(cè)》作者：艾莉斯·芭珂麗","id":""}],"text":"","id":"AOUEdcKqQoeOq2xe8IbcZyRgntT"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"這篇實(shí)用指南為你提供200種經(jīng)典配色方案。它將教你如何創(chuàng)造一個(gè)安靜的臥室，寬敞的生活區(qū)和明亮、通風(fēng)的廚房，探索哪些微妙的顏色組合可以喚起不同的情緒，創(chuàng)造不同的氛圍。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"ImYSdYaMio8O08xCurjcJ2WFnRg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"4、《室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)資料集》作者：張啟曼，鄭樹陽(yáng)","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Q0YadYaOMoAkqCx4fGycgoZNnRf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"本書匯集了中央工藝美術(shù)學(xué)院環(huán)境藝術(shù)設(shè)計(jì)系30多年的教學(xué)和設(shè)計(jì)實(shí)踐經(jīng)驗(yàn)。它從藝術(shù)與技術(shù)的角度出發(fā)，既有豐富的理論指導(dǎo)，又有豐富的實(shí)踐設(shè)計(jì)，包含了對(duì)國(guó)內(nèi)外有很大參考價(jià)值的室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)資料。是國(guó)內(nèi)最全面、系統(tǒng)、實(shí)用的室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)專業(yè)大型工具書。","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Mk0IdMQO2oiScsxIUFNcAUfvnsb"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"視頻課程：","id":""}],"text":"","id":"XUkWdGIEgooYUMx6WFBcBqeHnvg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)零基礎(chǔ)入門教程","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1mx411d7Zn/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1mx411d7Zn/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click","id":""}],"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"Haqcdcgi2oSui2xKKkxcj3XAn3n"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"cad室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)施工圖教程【全集】","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1dC4y1H7fZ/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1dC4y1H7fZ/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click","id":""}],"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"S6E8dYG8coyQkCxGCkWc2b6Hnzf"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"徹底學(xué)會(huì)3DMAX","id":""},{"type":"external_link","attrs":{"url":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Xa411T74r/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click"},"children":[{"type":"text","text":"https://www.bilibili.com/video/BV1Xa411T74r/?spm_id_from=333.337.search-card.all.click","id":""}],"text":"","id":""}],"text":"","id":"UqQIdWm2WoacasxaiGqcWeFCnJg"},{"type":"paragraph","children":[{"type":"text","text":"除了以上的學(xué)習(xí)方法，我們還可以通過(guò)專門的室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)資源網(wǎng)站資進(jìn)行學(xué)習(xí)，如我要自學(xué)網(wǎng)、網(wǎng)易云課堂、Houzz、建E室內(nèi)設(shè)計(jì)網(wǎng)、一兜糖、拓者設(shè)計(jì)吧、美間、中國(guó)設(shè)計(jì)聯(lián)盟等等","id":""}],"text":"","id":"DkSsd4YGYowW4ixkj8Pc85EfnEh"}]%3C%2Fhowto_content%3E
 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